Εμφανίζονται 41 τίτλοι με αναζήτηση: Πληροφορίες για τον τόπο στην ευρύτερη περιοχή: "ΠΕΛΛΑ Νομός ΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ" .
ΚΑΪΜΑΚΤΣΑΛΑΝ (Χιονοδρομικό κέντρο) ΕΔΕΣΣΑ
Στον ορεινό όγκο Βόρα και σε υψόμετρο 2040 έως 2524 μέτρων, αναπτύσσονται οι πίστες του ομώνυμου Χιονοδρομικού Κέντρου, η λειτουργία του οποίου ξεκίνησε το 1995.
Το κέντρο βρίσκεται σε απόσταση 45 περίπου χιλιομέτρων Β.Δ. της Έδεσσας και 140 χιλιομέτρων από τη Θεσσαλονίκη. Η μεγάλη διάρκεια χιονοκάλυψης, το μοναδικό φυσικό σκηνικό αλλά και η δυνατότητα φιλοξενίας σε γραφικούς οικισμούς που έχουν διατηρήσει το παραδοσιακό τους χρώμα, βοήθησαν στη γρήγορη εξάπλωση της φήμης του σε πανελλαδικό επίπεδο και οδήγησαν στην ολοένα και αυξανόμενη τουριστική κίνηση στην περιοχή.
Το Χιονοδρομικό Κέντρο Βόρα (Καϊμάκτσαλαν) διαθέτει 6 Lifts, τα οποία παρέχουν πρόσβαση σε 13 πίστες σκι διαφόρων βαθμών δυσκολίας, ενώ έχει διαμορφωθεί, επίσης, μια πίστα για Snowmobile, καθώς και ένα Snowboard Fun park για την ικανοποίηση και των πιο απαιτητικών της χιονοδρομίας.
Η ευρύτερη περιοχή προσφέρεται για ορειβατικό σκι δίνοντας τη δυνατότητα περιήγησης σε ενδιαφέροντα δασικά μονοπάτια.
Έμπειροι εκπαιδευτές συμμετέχουν στη λειτουργία σχολών σκι και snowboard, και προσφέρουν μια ευχάριστη επαφή με τα συναρπαστικά σπορ του χιονιού στους αρχάριους χιονοδρόμους, ενώ τα μικρά καταστήματα ενοικίασης-πώλησης εξοπλισμού στο ισόγειο του Καταφυγίου (Chalet), δίνουν στον κάθε ενδιαφερόμενο τη δυνατότητα να προμηθευτεί τον απαραίτητο εξοπλισμό για μια άνετη εξόρμηση στο χιόνι.
Στο χώρο του Καταφυγίου και σε υψόμετρο 2040 μ. λειτουργεί ξενώνας με εστιατόριο & ουζερί, ενώ στα 2100 μ. σε ένα κατάλευκο παγωμένο τοπίο, το snowbar δημιουργεί μια ζεστή και φιλική ατμόσφαιρα για την ξεκούραση και διασκέδαση των χιονοδρόμων.
Το κείμενο (απόσπασμα) παρατίθεται τον Οκτώβριο 2003 από τουριστικό φυλλάδιο της Νομαρχιακής Επιτροπής Τουριστικής Προβολής Πέλλας.
ΜΕΓΑΣ ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΣ (Δήμος) ΓΙΑΝΝΙΤΣΑ
ΑΛΜΩΠΙΑ (Αρχαία περιοχή) ΠΕΛΛΑ
Almopia (Almopia), a district in Macedonia inhabited by the Almopes
(Almopes), is said to have been one of the early conquests of the Argive colony
of the Temenidae. Leake supposes it to be the same country now called Moglena,
which bordered upon the ancient Edessa to the NE. Ptolemy assigns to the Almopes
three towns, Horma (Horma), Europus (Europos), and Apsalus (Apsalos (Thuc. ii.
99; Steph. .)B. s. v.; Lycophr. 1238; Ptol. iii. 13. §24; Leake, Northern Greece,
vol. iii. p. 444
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited July 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
ΑΛΩΡΟΣ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΠΕΛΛΑ
Eth. Alorites. A town of Macedonia in the district Bottiaea, is placed
by Stephanus in the innermost recess of the Thermaic gulf. According to Scylax
it was situated between the Haliacmon and Lydias. Leake supposes it to have occupied
the site of Palea-hora, near Kapsokhori. The town is chiefly known on account
of its being the birthplace of Ptolemy, who usurped the Macedonian throne after
the murder of Alexander II., son of Amyntas, and who is usually called Ptolemaeus
Alorites.
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited June 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
ΕΔΕΣΣΑ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΠΕΛΛΑ
Eth. Edessaios, Edessenos, the ancient capital of Macedonia, was seated
on the Egnatian way, at the entrance of a pass, which was the most important to
the kingdom, as leading from the maritime provinces into Upper Macedonia, and,
by another branch of the same pass, into Lyncestis and Pelagonia. (Polyb. v. 97.
§ 4, xxxiv. 12. § 7; Strab. vii. p. 323, x. p. 449; Ptol. iii. 13. § 39, viii.
12. § 7; Itin. Anton.; Itin. Hierosol.; Peut. Tab.; Hierocl.; Const. Porph. de
Them. ii. 2.) Aegae and Edessa, though some have considered that they were different
towns, are no doubt to be considered as identical, the former being probably the
older form. The commanding and picturesque site upon which the town was built
was the original centre of the Macedonians, and the residence of the dynasty which
sprang from the Temenid Perdiccas. The seat of government was afterwards transferred
to the marshes of Pella, which lay in the maritime plain beneath the ridge through
which the Lydias forces its way to the sea. But the old capital always remained
the national hearth (hestia, Diod. Excerpt.) of the Macedonian race, and the burial-place
for their kings. The body of Alexander the Great, though by the intrigues of Ptolemy
it was taken to Memphis, was to have reposed at Aegae (Paus. i. 6. § 3),--the
spot where his father Philip fell by the hand of Pausanias (Diod. xvi. 91, 92).
The murdered Eurydice and her husband were buried here by order of Cassander,
after having been removed from Amphipolis. (Diod. xix. 52; Athen. iv. p. 155.)
Pyrrhus, king of Epirus, when he had taken the town, gave up the royal tombs to
be rifled by his Gallic mercenaries, in hopes of finding treasure. (Plut. Pyrrh.
26.) After the Roman conquest, Edessa (nobilis urbs, Liv. xlv. 30) belonged to
the third region; and imperial coins, ranging from Augustus to Sabinia Tranquillina,
wife of the third Gordian, have been found, with the epigraph EDESSAION.
In the reign of Basil II., Bodena (Bodena, Cedren. vol. ii. p. 705;
Glycas, p. 309),--whence the modern name,--which was strongly fortified, was one
of the Bulgarian conquests of that emperor.
Vodhena, in the grandeur of its situation, in the magnificence of
the surrounding country, and the extent of the rich prospect which it commands,
is not inferior to any situation in Greece. Notwithstanding its ancient importance,
the Hellenic remains are few; the site, from its natural advantages, has doubtlessly
been always occupied by a town, and new constructions have caused the destruction
of the more ancient. The only vestige of Hellenic fortifications that has been
discovered is a piece of wall which supports one of the modern houses on the edge
of the cliff; but there are many scattered remains in the town, among which are
some inscriptions of the time of the Roman Empire.
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited May 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
ΚΥΡΡΟΣ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΓΙΑΝΝΙΤΣΑ
Kurrhos, Kurios. A town in Macedonia. Sitalces penetrated into Macedonia
to the left of Cyrrhus and Pella. (Thuc. ii. 100.) Hence it would seem that Cyrrhus
was at no great distance from the latter city. It is probably the same place as
the Scurio of the Jerusalem Itinerary, and the present Vistritza. In Leake's map
a Paleokastro, a little to the right of the road between Pella and Edessa, occupies
the site of Cyrrhus.
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited June 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
ΠΕΛΛΑ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΓΙΑΝΝΙΤΣΑ
The capital of Macedonia. At the time when Xerxes passed through Macedon,
Pella, which Herodotus (vii. 123) calls a polichnion, was in the hands of the
Bottiaeans. Philip was the first to make Pella, which Amyntas had been obliged
to evacuate (Xen. Hellen. v. 2. § 13; comp. Diodor. xiv. 92, xv. 19), a place
of importance (Dem. de Cor. p. 247), and fixed the royal residence there: there
was a navigation from the sea by the Lydias, though the marshes, which was 120
stadia in length, exclusive of the Lydias. (Scyl. p. 26.) These marshes were called
Borboros, as appears from an epigram (Theocrit. Chius, ap. Plut. de Exil. vol.
viii. p. 380, ed. Reiske), in which Aristotle is reproached for preferring a residence
near them to that of the Academy. Archestratus (ap. Athen. vii. p. 328, a.) related
that the lake produced a fish called chromis, of great size, and particularly
fat in summer. From its position on a hill surrounded by waters, the metropolis
of Philip, and the birthplace of Alexander (Juv. x. 168; Lucan, x. 20), soon grew
into a considerable city. Had Alexander not been estranged from Macedonia, it
would probably have attained greater importance. Antipater lived there as regent
of Macedonia, but Cassander spent less of his time at Pella, than at Thessalonica
and Cassandreia ; from the time of Antigonus Gonatas till that of Perseus, a period
of nearly a century, Pella remained the capital, and was a splendid town. (Liv.
xxvi. 25, xxxvii. 7, xiii. 41, 51, 67, xliii. 43, xliv. 10.) Livy (xliv. 46) has
left the following description, derived undoubtedly from Polybius, of the construction
of the city towards the lake. Pella stands upon a height sloping to the SW., and
is bounded by marshes which are impassable both in winter and summer, and are
caused by the overflowing of a lake. The citadel (the word arx is wanting in our
copies of Livy, but seems absolutely necessary both to the sense and the grammar)
rises like an island from the part of the marsh nearest to the city, being built
upon an immense embankment, which defies all injury from the waters; though appearing
at a distance to be united to the wall of the city, it is in reality separated
from it by a wet ditch, over which there is a bridge, so that no access whatever
is afforded to an enemy, nor can any prisoner whom the king may confine in the
castle escape, but by the easily guarded bridge. In the fortress was the royal
treasure. It was surrendered to Aemilius Paullus (Liv. xlv. 45), and became, according
to Strabo (p. 323) and the Itineraries, a station on the Egnatian Way, and a colony.
(Plin. l.c.) Dion Chrysostomus (Orat. Tars. Prior. vol. ii. p. 12, ed. Reiske)
says that Pella was a heap of ruins; but from the fact that there are coins of
the colony of Pella, ranging from Hadrian to Philip, this must be an exaggeration.
The name of the city is found as late as the sixth century of our era, as it occurs
in Hierocles. It Would seem indeed as if the name had survived the ruins of the
city, and had reverted to the fountain, to which it was originally attached; as
at a small distance from the village named Neokhori or Yenikiuy, which has been
identified with a portion of the ancient Pella, there is a spring called by the
Bulgarians Pel, and by the Greeks Pelle. Below the fountain, are some remains
of buildings, said to have been baths, and still called ta Loutra. These baths
are alluded to by the comic poet Machon (ap. Athen. viii. p. 348, e.) as producing
biliary complaints. Although little remains of Pella, a clear idea may be formed
of its extent and general plan by means of the description in Livy, compared with
the existing traces, consisting mainly of tumuli. The circumference of the. ancient
city has been estimated at about 3 miles. The sources of the fountains, of which
there are two, were probably about the centre of the site; and the modern road
may possibly be in the exact line of a main street which traverses it from E.
to W. The temple of Minerva Alcidemus is the only public building mentioned in
history (Liv.xlii.51), but of its situation nothing at present is known. Felix
Beaujour, who was consul-general at Saloniki (Tableau du Commerce de la Grece,
vol. i. p. 87), asserted that he saw the remains of a port, and of a canal communicating
with the sea. Leake (Northern Greece, vol. iii. pp. 261 - 266), who carefully
went over the ground, could find no traces of a port, of which indeed there is
no mention in ancient history: remains of a canal could be seen, as he was told,
in summer.
An autonomous coin of Pella has the type of an ox feeding, which explains
what Steph. B. reports, that it was formerly called Bounomos. (Eckhel, vol. ii.
p. 73; Sestini, Mon. Vet. p. 37.)
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited June 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
ΒΟΤΤΙΑΙΑ (Αρχαία περιοχή) ΕΛΛΑΔΑ
or Bottiaea (Bottiaia). A district in Macedonia, on the right
bank of the river Axius, extending in the time of Thucydides to Pieria on the
west. The Bottiaei were a Thracian people, who, being driven out of the country
by the Macedonians, settled in that part of the Macedonian Chalcidice north of
Olynthus which was called Bottice.
This text is cited Oct 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
ΠΕΛΛΑ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΓΙΑΝΝΙΤΣΑ
An ancient town in Macedonia, in the district Bottiaea, situated
upon a lake formed by the river Lydias. Philip the Great made it his residence
and the capital of the Macedonian monarchy. It was the birthplace of Alexander
the Great. Hence the poets give the surname of Pellaea to Alexandria in Egypt,
because it was founded by Alexander the Great, and also use the adjective in a
general sense as equivalent to Egyptian.
This text is cited Oct 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
ΒΟΤΤΙΑΙΑ (Αρχαία περιοχή) ΕΛΛΑΔΑ
Bottiaiis, or Bottia, a land called after its earlier inhabitants, driven by the Macedonians into Chalcidice, it lay between the lower courses of the Axius and the Haliacmon. The small wedge-shaped plain coming down to the sea was divided between Ichnae and Pella. The latter, under Philip capital of Macedon, lay 120 stades from the sea. (W. W. How, J. Wells, A Commentary on Herodotus
ΒΕΓΟΡΙΤΙΔΑ (Λίμνη) ΠΕΛΛΑ
The village of Ostrovo, at the head of Lake Ostrovo, has been officially renamed Arnissa, but this cannot be correct, since it is based on misidentification of the pass into Lynkos. No ancient name can convincingly be associated with the remains at Ostrovo.
ΕΔΕΣΣΑ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΠΕΛΛΑ
Παλαιότερα η Εδεσσα ταυτιζόταν με τις αρχαίες Αιγές, την πρώτη πρωτεύουσα των Μακεδόνων. Με τις ανασκαφές όμως του καθηγητή Μ. Ανδρόνικου η άποψη αυτή αναθεωρήθηκε και οι αρχαίες Αιγές αναγνωρίστηκαν κοντά στη σημερινή Βεργίνα.
ΠΕΛΛΑ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΓΙΑΝΝΙΤΣΑ
A city in the region of ancient Bottiaia to which King Archelaus (413-399
B.C.) moved the capital of Macedonia. It was the seat of Philip and the birthplace
of Alexander.
Stephanos of Byzantium (s.v. Pella) mentions the pre-history of the
place: Pella of Macedonia was formerly called Bounomos or Bounomeia . . . In historical
times it was first mentioned by Herodotos (7.123) in the description of Xerxes'
journey to the Axios river which is the boundary between Mygdonia and Bottiaiis.
The latter has a narrow coastal strip occupied by the cities of Ichnae and Pella.
Later, Thucydides mentions Pella twice, first in the passage about the Macedonians
spreading E, before his time, and then in the attack of the Thracians under Sitalces
against the Macedonian king Perdiccas, in his own time (Thuc. 2.99.4, 100.4).
Southern Greeks took scant notice of Archelaus' activities in the last years of
the Peloponnesian War, and laughed at his building of a palace in Pella (Ael.,
VH 14.17). But in Archelaus' time the painter Zeuxis came to Pella to decorate
the palace, and the poet Timotheus also came, and the dramatist Euripides, who
wrote the Archelaus there and died in Macedonia. After the time of Archelaus,
Pella grew larger, so that in Xenophon's time it was called the largest of the
cities of Macedonia (Hell. 5.2.13). The statement of Demosthenes (18.68) that
Philip grew up in a small and insignificant village was a rhetorical exaggeration.
Information about Pella is curiously scanty in the time of Philip, Alexander,
and the Diadochoi, but from a political and artistic point of view the best days
of Pella were probably during the long reign of the philosopher king Antigonos
Gonatas (274-239 B.C.).
The only description of Pella which has survived is that of Livy (44.46.4-7),
who writes of the capture of the Macedonian capital by Aemilius Paulus after the
battle of Pydna, in which Perseus, the last king of Macedonia, was defeated. On
the basis of his description, travelers and archaeologists from the end of the
18th through the 19th c. vaguely located Pella at a few visible remains of an
ancient city near the town of Agioi Apostoloi, N of the Giannitsa swamp. In the
first year after the liberation of Macedonia from the Turks (1912), excavations
uncovered the remains of peristyle-type houses, an underground cistern, a hoard
of silver coins of Kassander, bronze and iron household implements, bronze bed
fittings, etc. A fuller and clearer picture of the topography of the ancient city
has only been gained after continuous surface observations which began in 1954.
The most ancient finds from the area, which go back at least to the
Bronze Age, came from: (a) fields N of the so-called Baths of Alexander; (b) from
a hill W of the town of Palaia Pella; and especially from (c) the top of the Phakos
within the former marsh. Test trenches in the latter revealed a prehistoric settlement,
like others around the marsh, the best known being that of Nea Nikomedeia, dating
to the Early Neolithic period (7th millennium B.C.). The prehistoric settlement
on the Phakos may be Bounomos or Bounomeia (Steph. Byz.).
Over 40 test trenches brought Classical and Hellenistic remains to
light over the whole area between the Phakos and the towns of Palaia Pella and
Nea Pella. This area is about 2 km sq. It was ascertained that the acropolis encompassed
a part of a double hill, that is, the hill occupied by the town of Palaia Pella
(formerly Haghioi Apostoloi) and another, to the W of it. On the W hill, especially
(Sections II and III), some rather scanty remains of important buildings were
uncovered. Those which have come to light up to the present are: (a) walls ca.
2 m thick with huge poros orthostates (ca. one m high, under one m thick, up to
2 m long), (b) Ionic and Doric architectural members, the scale of which is shown
by a Doric poros capital, dated to the first quarter of the 4th c. B.C. with the
side of the abacus one m long, (c) parts of a triangular votive monument of bluish
stone, (d) fragments of marble architectural members, statues, etc.
The position and scale of these constructions establish that here
on this W hill was probably the palace of Archelaus, and the palace complex and
temple, perhaps that known from Livy (42.51.2) as the Temple of Athena Alkidemos.
It is probable that the fortified peribolos of the palace complex made a part
of the acropolis wall and continued the city wall, which is now, however, invisible,
since, in all probability, only its foundations and orthostates were of stone,
while the upper parts were of mudbrick, which hid the stone parts under a layer
of earth when they collapsed.
More striking are the discoveries around the center of the ancient
city, N of the Thessalonika-Edessa road (Section I, from which Sections IV and
v are separated by the road). Here, about six blocks of buildings were uncovered,
constructed according to the Hippodamian system of town planning. One of the blocks
had three peristyle courts with stoas and adjoining rooms on all sides, according
to the Hellenistic type of house with peristyle. The others had approximately
the same arrangement. They are surrounded by roads with a width of ca. 9 m along
which are water pipes and drains. Parts of the buildings were at least two-storied,
as apparent from the remains of stairs and from architectural fragments such as
little columns and pillars. The floors of the ground floor rooms were covered
with mosaic pavement, some completely plain, others with a geometric pattern,
and others with figures, but all of them made of natural river pebbles. In 1957
the first four figured mosaics were uncovered. These show: (a) Dionysos, naked,
on a panther, (b) a lion hunt, perhaps an episode known from the life of Alexander,
when he was saved by Krateros, (c) a gryphon tearing a deer apart, and (d) a couple
of centaurs, male and female. In 1961 in another block four more mosaic floors
were uncovered, one of which is badly damaged. The others show: (a) the rape of
Helen by Theseus, (b) a deer hunt with the inscription, Gnosis made it, and (c)
an Amazonomachy.
In another section near the former marsh (Section VI) a circular floor
in the same pebble technique was discovered, mainly decorated with floral motifs,
like the mosaics of Verghina.
The buildings with the mosaic floors are dated to around the last
quarter of the 4th c. or the beginning of the 3d c. B.C. Some of the peristyle
columns and walls have been reconstructed in place. The mosaic floors have been
taken up and consolidated, and are in the local museum, except for the mosaic
of Gnosis, which remains in situ.
Of the architectural fragments, besides the stone columns, pillars,
and parts of a cornice, worth mention are Corinthian pan and cover tiles decorated
with palmettes, painted simas from the pediments, etc. Among the tiles, some are
stamped with the name of the city in the genitive case (PELLES. This was the first
indisputable evidence, found in 1957, for the site of the Macedonian capital.).
Of the sculpture from the site, the older finds are the most notable:
(a) a marble funeral stele taken to the museum at Constantinople and (b) a statue
of a horseman, possibly from a pediment, in the Thessalonika Museum. Of the more
recent finds the most interesting are: (a) a severe style marble dog, (b) a bronze
statuette of Poseidon of the Lateran type. Other small finds are Votive inscriptions
(to Asklepios, the Great Gods, Zeus Meilichios, Herakles, the Muses, etc.), funeral
inscriptions with bas-relief portraits, some bilingual in Greek and Latin, two
unpublished milestones from the Via Egnatia, etc.
Of the pottery, most notable are some red-figure fragments and a class
of local pottery which follows on old tradition (the technique is gray Minyan;
the decoration early Mycenaean; the handles show its Hellenistic date). A large
number of coins, chiefly of bronze, and many small worked pieces of bronze were
found. The small finds are mainly kept in the local museum.
PH. M. Petsas, ed.
This text is from: The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites,
Princeton University Press 1976. Cited Nov 2002 from
Perseus Project URL below, which contains 64 image(s), bibliography & interesting hyperlinks.
ΚΡΥΑ ΒΡΥΣΗ (Κωμόπολη) ΓΙΑΝΝΙΤΣΑ
Η Κρύα Βρύση δημιουργήθηκε το 1930 από την συνένωση των χωριών Πλάσνας και Πρίσνας, μετά την αποξήρανση της λίμνης.
ΒΕΓΟΡΙΤΙΔΑ (Λίμνη) ΠΕΛΛΑ
Λίμνη της Μακεδονίας, στους νομούς Πέλλας, Κοζάνης και Φλώρινας. Κάλυπτε
έκταση 68 km2 και ήταν η βαθύτερη λίμνη της χώρας με μέγιστο βάθος 65 m. Σήμερα,
με την πτώση της στάθμης της, η επιφάνεια της έχει περιοριστεί στα 45 km2 και
το βάθος της έχει μειωθεί στα 50 m. Περιβάλλεται από τα βουνά Βέρνου, Βόρας και
Βέρμιο και αποτελεί το χαμηλότερο σημείο του συμπλέγματος των λιμνών Ζάζαρης,
Χειμαδίτιδας και Πετρών, των οποίων δέχεται τα νερά μέσα από σύστημα διωρύγων
και σήραγγας.
Τροφοδοτείται από τα υδατορέματα Φαράγγι, Πεντάβρυσο (Σολού), Ανω
Γραμματικού, Παναγίτσας, Αρνισσας και της λεκάνης απορροής της, η έκταση της οποίας
ανέρχεται σε 1853 km2. Στην λεκάνη απορροής της Βεγορίτιδας, βρίσκεται σημαντικός
αριθμός οικισμών, μεταξύ των οποίων η πόλη της Πτολεμαϊδας με 35.000 κατοίκους,
οι βιομηχανικές μονάδες της ΔΕΗ, τα λιγνιτωρυχεία της, το εργοστάσιο αζωτούχων
λιπασμάτων της ΑΕΒΑΛ και παράλληλα ασκούνται γεωργικές, κτηνοτροφικές και αλιευτικές
δραστηριότητες.
Οι ανθρωπογενείς αυτές δραστηριότητες επηρεάζουν ουσιαστικά την τροφική
κατάσταση της λίμνης, καθώς και το υδατικό της ισοζύγιο. Η ΑΕΒΑΛ προκαλεί ρύπανση
από αμμωνία και νιτρικά, η καύση του λιγνίτη από τη ΔΕΗ αυξάνει τη συγκέντρωση
των μετάλλων στα νερά της λίμνης, η δε πόλη της Πτολεμαϊδας αποτελεί την κύρια
πηγή ρυπάνσεως με φωσφορικά. Ολοι οι προαναφερθέντες ρύποι μεταφέρονται στην λίμνη
μέσω του χειμάρρου Σολού. Σημαντική είναι και η μη σημειακή ρύπανση με αγροχημικά
και φυτοφάρμακα από τις γεωργικές δραστηριότητες. Κατά τα τελευταία έτη έχει διαταραχθεί
ουσιαστικά το υδατικό ισοζύγιο της λίμνης και παρατηρείται μια συνεχής συρρίκνωση
του όγκου των υδάτων της και πτώση της στάθμης της, με ιδιαίτερα σημαντικούς ρυθμούς.
Ο όγκος του νερού της λίμνης από 2200 x 106 m3 που ήταν κατά τη δεκαετία του 50,
μειώθηκε στα 800 x 106 m3 στις μέρες μας.
ΜΕΓΑΣ ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΣ (Δήμος) ΓΙΑΝΝΙΤΣΑ
Ο Δήμος Μεγάλου Αλεξάνδρου προήλθε από τη συνένωση των κοινοτήτων
Γαλατάδων, Δροσερού,
Καρυώτισσας, Λιπαρού,
Παλαιφύτου, Τριφυλλίου
και των οικισμών Αγίου
Γεωργίου και Γυψοχωρίου.
Βάσει της απογραφής του 2001 ο πληθυσμός ανέρχεται σε 8.128 κατοίκους και έχει
συνολική έκταση 87.529 στρέμματα. Βρίσκεται στα νοτιοανατολικά του Νομού Πέλλας
και συνορεύει με τους δήμους Κρύας
Βρύσης, Γιαννιτσών,
Σκύδρας, Μενηίδος
και Κύρρου.
Η έδρα του δήμου είναι στους Γαλατάδες.
Η γεωγραφική θέση του Δήμου είναι και το συγκριτικό του πλεονέκτημα,
μιας και απέχει μόλις 60χλμ. από τη Θεσσαλονίκη
και 30χλμ. από την πρωτεύουσα του Νομού, την Έδεσσα.
Σε ίδια ακριβώς απόσταση βρίσκονται και οι πόλεις της Βέροιας
και της Νάουσας του Νομού
Ημαθίας. Η Εγνατία Οδός, η οποία στην εποχή της Ρωμαϊκής Αυτοκρατορίας ένωνε την
Κωνσταντινούπολη με
την Αδριατική θάλασσα,
αποτελεί τον κύριο οδικό άξονα του Δήμου και συνδέει τη Θεσσαλονίκη με την Έδεσσα
και τα χιονοδρομικά κέντρα Καϊμάκτσαλαν,
3-5 Πηγάδια και Σέλι.
Οι ανάγκες για καταλύματα καλύπτονται από τα ξενοδοχεία των Γιαννιτσών,
της Έδεσσας και των άλλων μεγάλων πόλεων. Ο Δήμος είναι περιτριγυρισμένος από
σημαντικούς αρχαιολογικούς χώρους, όπως είναι η Πέλλα,
τα Γιαννιτσά, η Έδεσσα
και η Βεργίνα.
Επίσης, οι επισκέπτες εκτός από το σκι και την πεζοπορία, μπορούν να δραστηριοποιηθούν
και σε άλλα αθλήματα, όπως είναι το παραπέντε στο όρος Βόρας
και την κωπηλασία στον ποταμό Λουδία στα Γιαννιτσά.
Το έδαφος της περιοχής είναι πεδινό και οι κάτοικοι ασχολούνται με
τη γεωργία. Κυριότερα προϊόντα που καλλιεργούν είναι τα σπαράγγια, τα τεύτλα,
τα ροδάκινα και τα καπνά. Έντονη είναι και η καλλιέργεια οπωροκηπευτικών σε θερμοκήπια.
Τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες έχει γίνει μεγάλη πρόοδος στον εξαγωγικό τομέα των προϊόντων
και κυρίως των σπαραγγιών.
Ως τις αρχές του 20ου αιώνα οι εκτάσεις που καταλαμβάνει ο δήμος καλύπτονταν
από βάλτους και τα νερά της λίμνης των Γιαννιτσών. Ο πληθυσμός ήταν περιορισμένος
και γι' αυτό δεν υπάρχουν πολλά μνημεία σημαντικής αρχιτεκτονικής. Παρόλα αυτά,
αξιοθαύμαστες είναι οι αγιογραφίες τεσσάρων Βυζαντινών Εκκλησιών που σώζονται
μέχρι σήμερα, καθώς και το μοναστήρι του Ευαγγελιστή Λουκά, λίγο έξω από τους
Γαλατάδες, το οποίο χρονολογείται στους πρώτους Βυζαντινούς αιώνες. Ένα σπίτι
παραδοσιακής αρχιτεκτονικής, το οποίο λειτουργούσε ως ορμητήριο, σώζεται στους
Γαλατάδες, για να μας θυμίζει ότι στις αρχές του προηγούμενου αιώνα, η περιοχή
υπήρξε κέντρο επιχειρήσεων των οπλαρχηγών του Μακεδονικού Αγώνα.
Το κείμενο παρατίθεται τον Μάιο 2005 από την ακόλουθη ιστοσελίδα του Δήμου Μεγάλου Αλεξάνδρου
Το κλίμα της περιοχής του Δήμου Μεγάλου Αλεξάνδρου χαρακτηρίζεται από την παρατεταμένη ηλιοφάνεια τους περισσότερους μήνες του έτους, τους ασθενείς ως μέτριους ανέμους και γενικά τις ευνοϊκές συνθήκες για την ανάπτυξη των καλλιεργειών. Οι βροχοπτώσεις κατανέμονται ανομοιόμορφα στη διάρκεια του έτους και το ύψος της βροχής κυμαίνεται από 390 ως 550 χιλιοστά. Οι παγωνιές και οι ομίχλες είναι συχνό φαινόμενο τις νυχτερινές και πρωινές ώρες τους χειμερινούς μήνες. Γεωμορφολογικά η περιοχή διακρίνεται σε δύο ενότητες. Η πρώτη ενότητα περιλαμβάνει τα ελαφρώς κεκλιμένα εδάφη που γειτονεύουν με τις προσβάσεις του όρους Πάϊκο, όπως είναι το Δροσερό, το Γυψοχώρι και το Τριφύλλι. Η δεύτερη ενότητα περιλαμβάνει τα εδάφη της Καρυώτισσας, των Γαλατάδων και του Λιπαρού, που χαρακτηρίζονται ως πεδινά. Οι εκτάσεις του Παλαιφύτου βρίσκονται στο μεταίχμιο των δύο αυτών ενοτήτων. Το 72,3% του πληθυσμού του Δήμου ασχολείται με τη γεωργία και την κτηνοτροφία. Στο παραπάνω διάγραμμα φαίνεται η κατανομή των 87.529 στρεμμάτων που καταλαμβάνει ο Δήμος.
Το κείμενο παρατίθεται τον Μάιο 2005 από την ακόλουθη ιστοσελίδα, με φωτογραφίες, του Δήμου Μεγάλου Αλεξάνδρου
ΠΕΛΛΑ (Νομός) ΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ
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ΠΕΛΛΑ (Νομός) ΚΕΝΤΡΙΚΗ ΜΑΚΕΔΟΝΙΑ
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