Listed 3 sub titles with search on: Information about the place for destination: "GRYNIA Ancient city TURKEY".
It is located on the Elean gulf (Candarli of today). The ancient city was destroyed by Parmenion, who enslaved its inhabitants.
City in Aiolis, 30 km S of Pergamon, a member of the Aiolian League.
Its settlement by Greeks is not recorded, and legend spoke of an earlier town
founded by the Amazon Gryne. The city was enrolled in the Delian Confederacy,
with a tribute of 1000 to 2000 dr. In 335 B.C. Gryneion was captured from the
Persians by Parmenio and its people enslaved. During the Hellenistic period the
city fell to the status of a dependency of Myrina.
Gryneion was noted chiefly for the temple and oracle of Apollo, described
by Strabo (622) as a costly temple of white marble; Pausanias (1.21.7) spoke of
a beautiful grove of Apollo. Pliny (HN 5.121), on the other hand, says there is
nothing now but a harbor where Gryneion once existed. Surprisingly little is known
of the oracle of Gryneian Apollo, and it has been doubted whether it functioned
at all after the Classical period. However, a consultation by the men of Kaunos
about 200 B.C. and the visit by Aelius Aristides in the 2d c. A.D. (Or. 51.7-8)
show that its activity did in fact continue.
Virtually nothing now remains on the site. The tiny promontory at
Temasalik is largely occupied by a large rectangular mound which is supposed to
have carried the temple, but no convincing remains of it have been found. The
city must have stood on the mainland, but here again nothing is to be seen. A
small excavation brought to light only several sarcophagi of about 500 B.C. and
a late Roman mosaic pavement. The harbor mentioned by Pliny is in fact of poor
quality.
G. E. Bean, ed.
This text is from: The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites,
Princeton University Press 1976. Cited Nov 2002 from
Perseus Project URL below, which contains bibliography & interesting hyperlinks.
(Gruneion) or Grynea (Gruneia). One of the twelve cities of Aeolis, situated on the coast of Lydia, near the northern confines, and northwest of Cyme. It was celebrated for the worship of Apollo, who thence derived the surname of Gryneus. The temple of the god was remarkable for its size, and for the beauty of its white marble.
This text is cited Oct 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
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