Listed 15 sub titles with search on: Biographies for wider area of: "TYROS Ancient city LEBANON" .
TYROS (Ancient city) LEBANON
Marinus (Marinos), of Tyre, a Greek geographer, who lived in the middle of the second century of the Christian era, and was the immediate predecessor of Ptolemy, who frequently refers to him. Marinus was undoubtedly the founder of mathematical geography in antiquity; and we learn from Ptolemy's own statement (i. 6) that he based his whole work upon that of Marinus. The chief merit of Marinus was, that he put an end to the uncertainty that had hitherto prevailed respecting the positions of places, by assigning to each its latitude and longitude. He also constructed maps for his works on much improved principles, which are spoken of under PTOLEMAEUS. In order to obtain as much accuracy as possible, Marinus was indefatigable in studying the works of his predecessors, the diaries kept by travellers, and every available source. He made many alterations in the second edition of his work, and would have still further improved it if he had not been carried off by an untimely death. (Ukert, Geographie der Griechen und Roemner, vol. i. pars i. p. 227, &c., pars ii. pp. 194, &c., 278; Forbiger, Handbuch der Alten Geographie, vol. i. p. 365, &c.)
This text is from: A dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, 1873 (ed. William Smith). Cited Oct 2006 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
Aspasius, of Tyre, a Greek rhetorician and historian of uncertain date, who, according to Suidas (s. v. Aspasios), wrote a history of Epeirus and of things remarkable in that country, in twenty books, theoretical works on rhetoric, and some others. (Comp. Eudoc. p. 66.)
Callicrates, Greek historian who lived in and after the time of the emperor Aurelian. He was a native of Tyre, and wrote the history of Aurelian. Vopiscus (Aurel. 4), who has preserved a few fragments of the work, describes Callicrates as by far the most learned writer among the Greeks of his time.
Adrianus (Adrianos), a Greek rhetorician born at Tyre in Phoenicia, who flourished under the emperors M. Antoninus and Commodus. He was the pupil of the celebrated Herodes Atticus, and obtained the chair of philosophy at Athens during the lifetime of his master. His advancement does not seem to have impaired their mutual regard; Herodes declared that the unfinished speeches of his scholar were " the fragments of a colossus," and Adrianus showed his gratitude by a funeral oration which he pronounced over the ashes of his master. Among a people who rivalled one another in their zeal to do him honour, Adrianus did not shew much of the discretion of a philosopher. His first lecture commenced with the modest encomium on himself palin ek Phoinikes grammata, while in the magnificence of his dress and equipage he affected the style of the hierophant of philosophy. A story may be seen in Philostratus of his trial and acquittal for the murder of a begging sophist who had insulted him: Adrianus had retorted by styling such insults degmata koreon, but his pupils were not content with weapons of ridicule. The visit of M. Antoninus to Athens made him acquainted with Adrianus, whom he invited to Rome and honoured with his friendship: the emperor even condescended to set the thesis of a declamation for him. After the death of Antoninus he became the private secretary of Commodus. His death took place at Rome in the eightieth year of his age, not later than A. D. 192, if it be true that Commodus (who was assassinated at the end of this year) sent him a letter on his death-bed, which he is represented as kissing with devout earnestness in his last moments (Philostr. Vit. Adrian.; Suidas, s. v. Adrianos). Of the works attributed to him by Suidas three declamations only are extant. These have been edited by Leo Allatius in the Excerpta Varia Graccorum Sophistarum ac Rhetoricorum, Romae, 1641, and by Walz in the first volume of the Rhetores Graeci, 1832.
This text is from: A dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, 1873 (ed. William Smith). Cited Sep 2005 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
He was a sophist and teacher of rhetoric.
(Antipatros). A philosopher of Tyre, who wrote a work on duty. He is supposed to have been of the Stoic school. Cicero speaks of him as an improvisator. Crassus, into whose mouth the Roman orator puts this remark, might have known the poet when he was quaestor in Macedonia, the same year in which Cicero was born (B.C. 106). Pliny relates that he had every year a fever on the day of his birth, and that, without ever experiencing any other complaint, he attained to a very advanced age. Some of his epigrams remain, the greater part of which fall under the class of epitaphs (epitumbia).
This text is from: Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. Cited Nov 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
Antipater, of Tyre, likewise a Stoic philosopher, but unquestionably of a later date than the former, though Vossius (de Hist. Gr. p. 392, ed. Westermann) confounds the two. He lived after, or was at least younger than, Panaetius, and Cicero (de Off. ii. 24), in speaking of him, says, that he died lately at Athens, which must mean shortly before B. C. 45. From this passage we must infer that Antipater wrote a work on Duties (de Officiis,) and Diogenes Laertius (vii. 139, 140, 142, 148) refers to a work of Antipater on the Universe (peri kosmou), of which he quotes the eighth book.
Apollonius of Tyre, a stoic philosopher, who lived in the reign of Ptolemy Auletes, is mentioned by Diogenes Laertius (vii. 1, 2, 24, and 28) as the author of a work on Zeno. Strabo (xvi.) mentions a work of his which he calls pinae ton apo Zenonos philosophon kai ton biblion, and which appears to have been a short survey of the philosophers and their writings from the time of Zeno. Whether this Apollonius is the same as the one who wrote a work on female philosophers (Phot. Cod. 161), or as the author of the chronological work (Chronika) of which Stephanus Byzantius (s. v. Chalketorion) quotes the fourth book, cannot be decided.
(Porphurios). A Greek scholar and philosopher; in the latter capacity a votary of Neoplatonism. He was born A.D. 233 at Batanaea, in Syria, received his education at Tyre, and afterwards studied grammar, rhetoric, [p. 1302] and philosophy at Athens with Longinus, who, instead of his Syrian name Malchus ("king"), gave him the Greek name Porphyrios ("clad in royal purple"). The fame of the Neoplatonist Plotinus drew him in 263 to Rome, where, after some initial opposition, he for six years enthusiastically devoted himself to the study of the Neoplatonic philosophy. Being attacked by a dangerous melancholy, the result of overwork, he went, on the advice of Plotinus, to Sicily, whence after five years he returned to Rome, strengthened in mind and body. Here, until his death (304), he taught philosophy in the spirit of Plotinus, especially by bringing the teaching of his master within the reach of general knowledge by his clear and attractive exposition. His most important scholar was Iamblichus. A man of varied culture, Porphyrius was particularly prolific as an author in the domain of philosophy, grammar, rhetoric, arithmetic, geometry, and music; however, most of his works, including the most important, are lost, among them a treatise against the Christians, in fifteen books, which was publicly burned under Theodosius II. (435). We have to lament the loss of his history of Greek philosophy before Plato, in four books, of which we now possess only the (certainly uncritical) life of Pythagoras, and that not complete. Besides this there are preserved a life of Plotinus; a compendium of the system of Plotinus, in the form of aphorisms; a work on abstaining from animal food (De Abstinentia), in four books, from the Pythagorean point of view, valuable for its fulness of information on philosophy, and on the religions, forms of ritual, and customs of various peoples; an introduction to the Categories of Aristotle, and a commentary on the same, in the form of questions and answers; a compendium of his own practical philosophy in the form of a letter to Marcella, a widow without property, and with seven children, whom Plotinus married in his old age on account of her enthusiasm for philosophy; scholia on Homer, discussions on a number of Homeric questions, an allegorical interpretation of the Homeric story of the grotto of the nymphs in the Odyssey, and a commentary on the Harmonics of Ptolemy.
This text is from: Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. Cited Nov 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
233 - 309
Porphyrios was born in Palestine,
studied in Athens, and then
joined the Neo-Platonic group of Plotinus in Rome.
His book “Introduction to Categories” descirbed how all qualities
persons attribute to things may be classified.
As philosopher Porphyrios declared the salvation of the soul as the
ultimate purpose of philosophy.
This text is cited July 2003 from the Hyperhistory Online URL below.
Diodorus. Of Tyre, a Peripatetic philosopher, a disciple and follower of Critolaus, whom he succeeded as the head of the Peripatetic school at Athens. He was still alive and active there in B. C. 110, when L. Crassus, during his quaestorship of Macedonia, visited Athens. Cicero denies to him the character of a genuine Peripatetic, because it was one of his ethical maxims, that the greatest good consisted in a combination of virtue with the absence of pain, whereby a reconciliation between the Stoics and Epicureans was attempted. (Cic. de Orat. i. 11, Tusc. v. 30, de Fin. ii. 6, 11, iv. 18, v. 5, 8, 25, Acad. ii. 42; Clem. Alex. Strom. i., ii.)
This text is from: A dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, 1873 (ed. William Smith). Cited Oct 2005 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
Heracleitus. An Academic philosopher of Tyre and a friend of Antiochus. He was for many years a pupil of Cleitomachus and Philo, and was a philosopher of some reputation. (Cic. Acad. ii. 4.) Some writers have confounded him with Heracleitus the Peripatetic. (Menage, ad Diog. Laert. ix. 17.)
Apollonius, king of Tyre, is the hero of a Greek romance, the author of which is unknown. Barth (Adversar. lviii. 1) thought that the author was a Christian of the name of Symposius. About the year A. D. 1500, the romance was put into socalled political verse by Constantinus or Gabriel Contianus, and was printed at Venice, 1603. A Latin translation had been published before that time by M. Velserus, under the title, "Narratio eorum quake acciderunt Apollonio Tyrio" Aug. Vindel. 1595. During the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries this romance was very popular, and was translated into most of the European languages.
Marion, tyrant of Tyre, which position he obtained through the favour of Cassius, when the latter was in Syria, B. C. 43. Having invaded Galilee, he made himself master of three forts in that country, but was again expelled from it by Herod. (Joseph. Ant. xiv. 12. l, B.J. i. 12.2.)
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