Listed 100 (total found 121) sub titles with search on: Ancient literary sources for wider area of: "ITALY Country EUROPE" .
LILYBAEUM (Ancient city) SICILY
And as they sailed past the Sirens, Orpheus restrained the Argonauts by chanting a counter-melody. Butes alone swam off to the Sirens, but Aphrodite carried him away and settled him in Lilybaeum.
AKRAGAS (Ancient city) SICILY
The Selinuntians who had escaped capture (of the Carthaginians), twenty-six hundred in number, made their way in safety to Acragas and there received all possible kindness; for the Acragantini, after portioning out food to them at public expense, divided them for billeting among their homes, urging the private citizens, who were indeed eager enough, to supply them with every necessity of life.
For at that time the citizens of Acragas numbered more than twenty thousand, and when resident aliens were included, not less than two hundred thousand.
MESSINA (Ancient city) SICILY
For he returned by the king's permission to Sicily and from Sicily back again to Darius, until in old age he ended his life in Persia in great wealth. Without trouble the Samians planted themselves in that most excellent city of Zancle, after they had escaped from the Medes.
POSSIDONIA (Ancient city) CAMPANIA
Information given by a man of that place to exiled Phocaeans.
YRIA (Ancient city) PUGLIA
Now Minos, it is said, went to Sicania, which is now called Sicily, in search for Daedalus, and perished there by a violent death. Presently all the Cretans except the men of Polichne and Praesus were bidden by a god to go with a great host to Sicania. Here they besieged the town of Camicus, where in my day the men of Acragas dwelt, for five years. Presently, since they could neither take it nor remain there because of the famine which afflicted them, they departed. However, when they were at sea off Iapygia, a great storm caught and drove them ashore. Because their ships had been wrecked and there was no way left of returning to Crete, they founded there the town of Hyria, and made this their dwelling place, accordingly changing from Cretans to Messapians of Iapygia, and from islanders to dwellers on the mainland.
This extract is from: Herodotus. The Histories (ed. A. D. Godley, 1920), Cambridge. Harvard University Press. Cited Nov 2003 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks.
KYMI (Ancient city) CAMPANIA
There is also a legend that Heracles at the command of Eurystheus hunted by the side of the Erymanthus a boar that surpassed all others in size and in strength. The people of Cumae among the Opici say that the boar's tusks dedicated in their sanctuary of Apollo are those of the Erymanthian boar, but the saying is altogether improbable.
OMFAKI (Ancient city) SICILY
Many years later, when Dorians were migrating to Sicily, Antiphemus the founder of Gela, after the sack of Omphace, a town of the Sicanians, removed to Gela an image made by Daedalus.
AEA (Mythical lands) EUROPE
The Argonauts purified by Circe in, Odysseus in.
AEOLIA (Island complex) ITALY
The island of Aeolus, Odysseus in Aeolia.
AETNA (Mountain) SICILY
Eruption of Aetna
AUSONIA (Ancient country) CAMPANIA
CAMPANIA (Region) ITALY
Capua the capital of, in Italy, Philoctetes driven to.
CARALIS (Ancient city) SARDINIA
City of Sardinia.
CATANI (Ancient city) SICILY
City of Sicily, suffers from eruption of Mt. Etna, Pious Folk at.
EGESTA (Ancient city) SICILY
A town in Sicily, allied with Phoenicians against Greeks.
ERYX (Ancient city) SICILY
In western Sicily, land of E. belongs to descendants of Herakles.
ETROURIA (Ancient country) ITALY
GELA (Ancient city) SICILY
City in Sicily, in Sicily, a Rhodian colony, founded by Antiphemus, images made by Daedalus at G., people of G. dedicate treasury at Olympia, Hippocrates its despot, usurpation of Gelon.
IAPYGIA (Ancient country) ITALY
Perseus Encyclopedia
INOTRIA (Ancient country) ITALY
In Italy, the toe of Italy.
IRAKLIA MINOA (Ancient city) SICILY
Proposed foundation of in Sicily.
ITALY (Ancient country) EUROPE
KAMARINA (Ancient city) SICILY
Ιn Sicily, its citizens transferred to Syracuse by Gelon.
KASMENAI (Ancient city) SICILY
A town in Sicily (Hdt. 7.155).
KAVLONIA (Ancient city) CALABRIA
Caulonia was a colony in Italy founded by Achaeans, and its founder was Typhon of Aegium. When Pyrrhus son of Aeacides and the Tarentines were at war with the Romans, several cities in Italy were destroyed, either by the Romans or by the Epeirots, and these included Caulonia, whose fate it was to be utterly laid waste, having been taken by the Campanians, who formed the largest contingent of allies on the Roman side. (Paus. 6,3,12)
KROTON (Ancient city) CALABRIA
In Italy, founded by Lacedaemonians, reputation of its physicians, story of Democedes at the Persian court and his return to Croton, war between Croton and Sybaris, capture of Sybaris by Crotoniats, help sent by Croton (but by no other western colony) to Greeks against Xerxes, Crimissa near, gaol at, wolves abound in territory of, people of Croton tell a story about Helen, river Crathis at.
KYMI (Ancient city) CAMPANIA
In land of Opici.
LAISTRYGONES (Mythical lands) ITALY
LEONTINI (Ancient city) SICILY
A town in Sicily, laid waste by Syracusans, but afterwards restored, men of L. dedicate image of Zeus at Olympia.
LEUCANIA (Ancient country) ITALY
LILYBAEUM (Ancient city) SICILY
LOKRI EPIZEFIRIOI (Ancient city) ITALY
LOUPIAE (Ancient city) PUGLIA
City of Italy between Brundusium and Hydrus.
MAKTORION (Ancient city) SICILY
A town near Gela in Sicily.
METAPONTO (Town) ITALY
Near Croton in Italy, its story of the reincarnation of Aristeas, ruins of, Metapontines dedicate image of Zeus, and treasury at Olympia.
NAXOS (Ancient city) SICILY
Colony of Chalcis, Naxians of Sicily, annexed Hippocrates of Gela.
PADOS (River) ITALY
A river in Celtic land, amber found in its sands, its black poplars, its islands, daughters of Sun bewail Phaethon on its banks, a river in Europe, its existence doubted by Herodotus.
PALANTION (Ancient city) ROME
Palatium, at Rome called after Pallantium in Arcadia: Paus. 8.43.2
RIGION (Ancient city) CALABRIA
City of Italy, borders on Locri, in southern Italy, Herakles at, Anaxilas, tyrant of, festival at, Messenians driven from Naupactus go to, home of Micythus, its disaster in battle.
ROME (Ancient city) ITALY
Founded by Evander from Pallantium in Arcadia, Forum of Augustus at, Forum of Trajan with bronze roof at, imperial gardens at, marvels of, sanctuary of Peace at, statues taken from Greece to, Roman theaters most splendid in world, buildings of Trajan at, Triton at, white deer at, white water near, Achaean exiles at.
SARDINIA (Island) ITALY
Forty sons of Herakles by the daughters of Thespius sent to, its inhabitants, its natural features, climate, and products, expedition of Athenians and Thespians under Iolaus to, given to Roman people by Nero in exchange for Greece, offering of Sardinians at Delphi.
SELINOUS (Ancient city) SICILY
A town in Sicily, its occupation by one of Dorieus' followers, destroyed by Carthaginians, people of S. dedicate treasury at Olympia.
SIKELIA (Ancient Hellenic lands) ITALY
Races inhabiting, Messenians of, Greeks settle in, Daedalus goes to, fame of Daedalus spread all over, war between Sicily and Crete, Eryx reigns in, Herakles in, Odysseus in, thrown on giant Enceladus, Camicus in, Arion's design to visit it, expedition of Dorieus, son of Anaxandrides, to, Dorieus in Sicily, retirement thither of Dionysius of Phocae, Samian exiles there, Gelo, tyrant of, growth of Gelon's power, Carthaginian attack on Sicily defeated by Gelon, Phormio crosses from Maenalus to, Athenians warned by omens not to sail for, Athenians sail to conquer, Athenians defeated in, Carthaginians destroy Selinus in, Dionysius, tyrant of, Pyrrhus fights Carthaginians in, Romans go to war with Carthaginians for possession of.
SYRACUSSES (Ancient city) SICILY
Founded by Archias, a Corinthian, quarries at, sanctuary of Olympian Zeus at, tyrants of, its despots comparable for splendour to Polycrates, its seizure by Gelon, and growth under his rule, Greek envoys there, Aeschylus and Simonides at, expedition of Athenians against, Amilcas of Carthage partly a Syracusan, besieged by Carthaginians but relieved by Pyrrhus.
SYVARIS (Ancient city) PUGLIA
City of Italy, afterwards called Lupiae, in southern Italy, attacked by Dorieus, its capture by the Crotoniats, its former prosperity, treasury of Sybarites at Olympia.
TARANTO (Ancient city) PUGLIA
A Lacedaemonian colony, Pyrrhus sails to, Tarentines aided by Archidamus in war with barbarians, at war with Rome, invite Pyrrhus to Italy, their offerings at Delphi, Arion's departure thence, Tarentines' services to Democedes, their refusal to admit a banished man, Tarentines' losses in a battle with their neighbours.
TEMESA (Ancient city) CALABRIA
THOURII (Ancient city) PUGLIA
In Italy, Dorieus and Pisirodus take refuge at.
TYRRHENIAN SEA (Sea) ITALY
Tyrrhenum Mare (To Turrhenikon pelagos), was the name given in ancient times to the part of the Mediterranean sea which adjoins the W. coast of Italy. It is evident from the name itself that it was originally employed by the Greeks, who universally called the people of Etruria Tyrrhenians, and was merely adopted from them by the Romans. The latter people indeed frequently used the term Tuscum Mare (Liv. v. 33; Mel. ii. 4. § 9), but still more often designated the sea on the W. of Italy simply as the lower sea, Mare Inferum, just as they termed the Adriatic the upper sea or Mare Superum. (Mel. ii. 4. § 1; Plin. iii. 5. s. 10; Liv. l. c.) The name of Tyrrhenum Mare was indeed in all probability never in use among the Romans, otherwise than as a mere geographical term; but with the Greeks it was certainly the habitual designation of that portion of the Mediterranean which extended from the coast of Liguria to the N. coast of Sicily, and from the mainland of Italy to the islands of Sardinia and Corsica on the W. (Polyb. i. 10, 14, &c.; Strab. ii. p. 122, v. p. 211, &c.; Dionys. Per. 83; Scyl. § § 15, 17; Agathem. ii. 14.) The period at which it came into use is uncertain; it is not found in Herodotus or Thucydides, and Scylax is the earliest author now extant by whom the name is mentioned.
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited September 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
YRIA (Ancient city) PUGLIA
Α town in S. ltaly (Oria), alleged to be founded by Cretans.
YVLA (Ancient city) SICILY
City of Sicily.
THOURII (Ancient city) PUGLIA
Diodorus (xii. 12) tells us that Charondas (between 600 and 500 B.C.) passed laws for Thurii to the effect that all boys should have literary teaching at the public expense.
AEOLIA (Island complex) ITALY
The islands are seven in number, but the largest is Lipara (a colony of the Cnidians), which, Thermessa excepted, lies nearest to Sicily.
AKRAGAS (Ancient city) SICILY
Near Acragas are lakes which, though they have the taste of seawater, are different in nature; for even people who cannot swim do not sink, but float on the surface like wood.
CAPRI (Island) CAMPANIA
. . the earth about the Strait, they say, is but seldom shaken by earthquakes, because the orifices there, through which the fire is blown up and the red-hot masses and the waters are ejected, are open. At that time, however, the fire that was smouldering beneath the earth, together with the wind, produced violent earthquakes, because the passages to the surface were all blocked up, and the regions thus heaved up yielded at last to the force of the blasts of wind, were rent asunder, and then received the sea that was on either side, both here34 and between the other islands in that region. and, in fact, Prochyte and the Pithecussae are fragments broken off from the continent, as also Capreae, Leucosia, the Sirenes, and the Oenotrides.
EGESTA (Ancient city) SICILY
Aegestaea was founded, it is said, by those who crossed over with Philoctetes to the territory of Croton, as I have stated in my account of Italy; they were sent to Sicily by him along with Aegestes the Trojan.
ELEA (Ancient city) ITALY
According to Antiochus, after the capture of Phocaea by Harpagus, the general of Cyrus, all the Phocaeans who could do so embarked with their entire families on their light boats and, under the leadership of Creontiades, sailed first to Cyrnus and Massalia, but when they were beaten off from those places founded Elea. Some, however, say that the city took its name from the River Elees. It is about two hundred stadia distant from Poseidonia. After Elea comes the promontory of Palinurus. Off the territory of Elea are two islands, the Oenotrides, which have anchoring-places.
ELPIES (Ancient city) ITALY
Since that time, also, they (the Rhodians) have sailed as far as Iberia; and there they founded Rhodes, of which the Massaliotes later took possession; among the Opici they founded Parthenope; and among the Daunians they, along with the Coans, founded Elpiae.
ERYX (Ancient city) SICILY
Apollodorus, in his work On Ships, in mentioning Philoctetes, says that, according to some, when Philoctetes arrived at the territory of Croton, he colonized the promontory Crimissa, and, in the interior above it, the city Chone, from which the Chonians of that district took their name, and that some of his companions whom he had sent forth with Aegestes the Trojan to the region of Eryx in Sicily fortified Aegesta
IAPYGIA (Ancient country) ITALY
After Scylletium comes the territory of the Crotoniates, and three capes of the Iapyges; and after these, the Lacinium, a temple of Hera, which at one time was rich and full of dedicated offerings. As for the distances by sea, writers give them without satisfactory clearness, except that, in a general way, Polybius gives the distance from the strait to Lacinium as two thousand three hundred stadia, and the distance thence across to Cape Iapygia as seven hundred. This point is called the mouth of the Tarantine Gulf. As for the gulf itself, the distance around it by sea is of considerable length, two hundred and forty miles, as the Chorographer says, but Artemidorus says three hundred and eighty for a man well-girded, although he falls short of the real breadth of the mouth of the gulf by as much.
IPPONION (Ancient city) CALABRIA
After Consentia comes Hipponium, which was founded by the Locrians. Later on, the Brettii were in possession of Hipponium, but the Romans took it away from them and changed its name to Vibo Valentia. And because the country round about Hipponium has luxuriant meadows abounding in flowers, people have believed that Core used to come hither from Sicily to gather flowers; and consequently it has become the custom among the women of Hipponium to gather flowers and to weave them into garlands, so that on festival days it is disgraceful to wear bought garlands. Hipponium has also a naval station, which was built long ago by Agathocles, the tyrant of the Siciliotes, when he made himself master of the city.
KAVLONIA (Ancient city) CALABRIA
After the Sagra comes a city founded by the Achaeans, Caulonia, formerly called Aulonia, because of the glen which lies in front of it. It is deserted, however, for those who held it were driven out by the barbarians to Sicily and founded the Caulonia there.
KELIA (Ancient city) PUGLIA
There are two roads from here: one, a mule-road through the countries of the Peucetii (who are called Poedicli), the Daunii, and the Samnitae as far as Beneventum; on this road is the city of Egnatia, and then, Celia, Netium, Canusium, and Herdonia.
KRIMISSA (Ancient city) CALABRIA
And the old Crimissa, which is near the same regions (Petalia), was also founded by Philoctetes. Apollodorus, in his work On Ships,11 in mentioning Philoctetes, says that, according to some, when Philoctetes arrived at the territory of Croton, he colonized the promontory Crimissa, and, in the interior above it, the city Chone, from which the Chonians of that district took their name, and that some of his companions whom he had sent forth with Aegestes the Trojan to the region of Eryx in Sicily fortified Aegesta.
KROTON (Ancient city) CALABRIA
After Scylletium comes the territory of the Crotoniates . . .The first city is Croton, within one hundred and fifty stadia from the Lacinium; and then comes the River Aesarus, and a harbor, and another river, the Neaethus. The Neaethus got its name, it is said, from what occurred there: Certain of the Achaeans who had strayed from the Trojan fleet put in there and disembarked for an inspection of the region, and when the Trojan women who were sailing with them learned that the boats were empty of men, they set fire to the boats, for they were weary of the voyage, so that the men remained there of necessity, although they at the same time noticed that the soil was very fertile. And immediately several other groups, on the strength of their racial kinship, came and imitated them, and thus arose many settlements, most of which took their names from the Trojans; and also a river, the Neaethus, took its appellation from the aforementioned occurrence.
According to Antiochus, when the god told the Achaeans to found Croton, Myscellus departed to inspect the place, but when he saw that Sybaris was already founded--having the same name as the river near by--he judged that Sybaris was better; at all events, he questioned the god again when he returned whether it would be better to found this instead of Croton, and the god replied to him (Myscellus was a hunchback as it happened): "Myscellus, short of back, in searching else outside thy track, thou hunt'st for morsels only; 'tis right that what one giveth thee thou do approve;" and Myscellus came back and founded Croton, having as an associate Archias, the founder of Syracuse, who happened to sail up while on his way to found Syracuse.
LAOS (Ancient city) ITALY
After Pyxus comes another gulf, and also Laus--a river and city; it is the last of the Leucanian cities, lying only a short distance above the sea, is a colony of the Sybaritae, and the distance thither from Ele is four hundred stadia. The whole voyage along the coast of Leucania is six hundred and fifty stadia. Near Laus is the hero-temple of Draco, one of the companions of Odysseus, in regard to which the following oracle was given out to the Italiotes: Much people will one day perish about Laian Draco. And the oracle came true, for, deceived by it, the peoples7 who made campaigns against Laus, that is, the Greek inhabitants of Italy, met disaster at the hands of the Leucani.
These, then, are the places on the Tyrrhenian seaboard that belong to the Leucani. As for the other sea, they could not reach it at first; in fact, the Greeks who held the Gulf of Tarentum were in control there. Before the Greeks came, however, the Leucani were as yet not even in existence, and the regions were occupied by the Chones and the Oenotri. But after the Samnitae had grown considerably in power, and had ejected the Chones and the Oenotri, and had settled a colony of Leucani in this portion of Italy, while at the same time the Greeks were holding possession of both seaboards as far as the Strait, the Greeks and the barbarians carried on war with one another for a long time. Then the tyrants of Sicily, and afterwards the Carthaginians, at one time at war with the Romans for the possession of Sicily and at another for the possession of Italy itself, maltreated all the peoples in this part of the world, but especially the Greeks.
Later on, beginning from the time of the Trojan war, the Greeks had taken away from the earlier inhabitants much of the interior country also, and indeed had increased in power to such an extent that they called this part of Italy, together with Sicily, Magna Graecia. But today all parts of it, except Taras,9 Rhegium, and Neapolis, have become completely barbarized, and some parts have been taken and are held by the Leucani and the Brettii, and others by the Campani--that is, nominally by the Campani but in truth by the Romans, since the Campani themselves have become Romans.
The Leucani are Samnite in race, but upon mastering the Poseidoniatae and their allies in war they took possession of their cities. At all other times, it is true, their government was democratic, but in times of war they were wont to choose a king from those who held magisterial offices. But now they are Romans.
LOKRI EPIZEFIRIOI (Ancient city) ITALY
After Heracleium comes a cape belonging to Locris, which is called Zephyrium; its harbor is exposed to the winds that blow from the west, and hence the name. Then comes the city Locri Epizephyrii, a colony of the Locri who live on the Crisaean Gulf, which was led out by Evanthes only a little while after the founding of Croton and Syracuse. Ephorus is wrong in calling it a colony of the Locri Opuntii. However, they lived only three or four years at Zephyrium, and then moved the city to its present site, with the cooperation of Syracusans [for at the same time the latter, among whom . . .]. And at Zephyrium there is a spring, called Locria, where the Locri first pitched camp. The distance from Rhegium to Locri is six hundred stadia. The city is situated on the brow of a hill called Epopis.
The Locri Epizephyrii are believed to have been the first people to use written laws. After they had lived under good laws for a very long time, Dionysius, on being banished from the country of the Syracusans, abused them most lawlessly of all men. For he would sneak into the bed-chambers of the girls after they had been dressed up for their wedding, and lie with them before their marriage; and he would gather together the girls who were ripe for marriage, let loose doves with cropped wings upon them in the midst of the banquets, and then bid the girls waltz around unclad, and also bid some of them, shod with sandals that were not mates (one high and the other low), chase the doves around--all for the sheer indecency of it.
However, he paid the penalty after he went back to Sicily again to resume his government; for the Locri broke up his garrison, set themselves free, and thus became masters of his wife and children. These children were his two daughters, and the younger of his two sons (who was already a lad), for the other, Apollocrates, was helping his father to effect his return to Sicily by force of arms. And although Dionysius--both himself and the Tarantini on his behalf--earnestly begged the Locri to release the prisoners on any terms they wished, they would not give them up; instead, they endured a siege and a devastation of their country. But they poured out most of their wrath upon his daughters, for they first made them prostitutes and then strangled them, and then, after burning their bodies, ground up the bones and sank them in the sea.
Now Ephorus, in his mention of the written legislation of the Locri which was drawn up by Zaleucus from the Cretan, the Laconian, and the Areopagite usages, says that Zaleucus was among the first to make the following innovation--that whereas before his time it had been left to the judges to determine the penalties for the several crimes, he defined them in the laws, because he held that the opinions of the judges about the same crimes would not be the same, although they ought to be the same. And Ephorus goes on to commend Zaleucus for drawing up the laws on contracts in simpler language. And he says that the Thurii, who later on wished to excel the Locri in precision, became more famous, to be sure, but morally inferior; for, he adds, it is not those who in their laws guard against all the wiles of false accusers that have good laws, but those who abide by laws that are laid down in simple language . . .
The Halex River, which marks the boundary between the Rhegian and the Locrian territories, passes out through a deep ravine; and a peculiar thing happens there in connection with the grasshoppers, that although those on the Locrian bank sing, the others remain mute. As for the cause of this, it is conjectured that on the latter side the region is so densely shaded that the grasshoppers, being wet with dew, cannot expand their membranes, whereas those on the sunny side have dry and horn-like membranes and therefore can easily produce their song. And people used to show in Locri a statue of Eunomus, the cithara-bard, with a locust seated on the cithara. Timaeus says that Eunomus and Ariston of Rhegium were once contesting with each other at the Pythian games and fell to quarrelling about the casting of the lots;
so Ariston begged the Delphians to cooperate with him, for the reason that his ancestors belonged to the god and that the colony had been sent forth from there; and although Eunomus said that the Rhegini had absolutely no right even to participate in the vocal contests, since in their country even the grasshoppers, the sweetest-voiced of all creatures, were mute, Ariston was none the less held in favor and hoped for the victory; and yet Eunomus gained the victory and set up the aforesaid image in his native land, because during the contest, when one of the chords broke, a grasshopper lit on his cithara and supplied the missing sound. The interior above these cities is held by the Brettii; here is the city Mamertium, and also the forest that produces the best pitch, the Brettian. This forest is called Sila, is both well wooded and well watered, and is seven hundred stadia in length.
After Locri comes the Sagra, a river which has a feminine name. On its banks are the altars of the Dioscuri, near which ten thousand Locri, with Rhegini, clashed with one hundred and thirty thousand Crotoniates and gained the victory--an occurrence which gave rise, it is said, to the proverb we use with incredulous people, "Truer than the result at Sagra." And some have gone on to add the fable that the news of the result was reported on the same day to the people at the Olympia when the games were in progress, and that the speed with which the news had come was afterwards verified. This misfortune of the Crotoniates is said to be the reason why their city did not endure much longer, so great was the multitude of men who fell in the battle.
MEDMA (Ancient city) CALABRIA
Medma, a city of the same Locrians aforementioned, which has the same name as a great fountain there, and possesses a naval station near by, called Emporium. Near it is also the Metaurus River, and a mooring-place bearing the same name. Off this coast lie the islands of the Liparaei, at a distance of two hundred stadia from the Strait . . . They are seven in number and are all within view both from Sicily and from the continent near Medma . . . After the Metaurus River comes a second Metaurus. Next after this river comes Scyllaeum, a lofty rock which forms a peninsula, its isthmus being low and affording access to ships on both sides. This isthmus Anaxilaus, the tyrant of the Rhegini, fortified against the Tyrrheni, building a naval station there, and thus deprived the pirates of their passage through the strait.
For Caenys, too, is near by, being two hundred and fifty stadia distant from Medma; it is the last cape, and with the cape on the Sicilian side, Pelorias, forms the narrows of the Strait. Cape Pelorias is one of the three capes that make the island triangular, and it bends towards the summer sunrise, just as Caenys bends towards the west, each one thus turning away from the other in the opposite direction. Now the length of the narrow passage of the Strait from Caenys as far as the Poseidonium, or the Columna Rheginorum, is about six stadia, while the shortest passage across is slightly more; and the distance is one hundred stadia from the Columna to Rhegium, where the Strait begins to widen out, as one proceeds towards the east, towards the outer sea, the sea which is called the Sicilian Sea.
MORGANTINA (Ancient city) SICILY
Perseus Project index. Total results on 23/5/2001: 2
PANDOSSIA (Ancient city) INOTRIA
A little above this city (Consentia) is Pandosia, a strong fortress, near which Alexander the Molossian was killed. He, too, was deceived by the oracle18 at Dodona, which bade him be on his guard against Acheron and Pandosia; for places which bore these names were pointed out to him in Thesprotia, but he came to his end here in Brettium. Now the fortress has three summits, and the River Acheron flows past it. And there was another oracle that helped to deceive him: Three-hilled Pandosia, much people shalt thou kill one day; for he thought that the oracle clearly meant the destruction of the enemy, not of his own people. It is said that Pandosia was once the capital of the Oenotrian Kings.
PETELIA (Ancient city) CALABRIA
Petelia, then, is regarded as the metropolis of the Chones, and has been rather populous down to the present day. It was founded by Philoctetes after he, as the result of a political quarrel, had fled from Meliboea. It has so strong a position by nature that the Samnitae once fortified it against the Thurii.
RIGION (Ancient city) CALABRIA
Rhegium was founded by the Chalcidians who, it is said, in accordance with an oracle, were dedicated, one man out of every ten Chalcidians, to Apollo, because of a dearth of crops, but later on emigrated hither from Delphi, taking with them still others from their home. But according to Antiochus, the Zanclaeans sent for the Chalcidians and appointed Antimnestus their founder-in-chief. To this colony also belonged the refugees of the Peloponnesian Messenians who had been defeated by the men of the opposing faction. These men were unwilling to be punished by the Lacedaemonians for the violation of the maidens which took place at Limnae, though they were themselves guilty of the outrage done to the maidens, who had been sent there for a religious rite and had also killed those who came to their aid.
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