Εμφανίζονται 24 τίτλοι με αναζήτηση: Ιστορία στην ευρύτερη περιοχή: "ΛΟΚΡΙΔΑ Επαρχία ΦΘΙΩΤΙΔΑ" .
ΥΑΜΠΟΛΙΣ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΑΤΑΛΑΝΤΗ
This is what the besieged Phocians did with the Thessalian footsoldiers. When the Thessalian horsemen rode into their country, the Phocians did them mortal harm; they dug a great pit in the pass near Hyampolis and put empty jars inside it. They then covered it with earth till all was like the rest of the ground and awaited the onset of the Thessalians. These rode on intending to sweep the Phocians before them, and fell in among the jars, whereby their horses' legs were broken.
This extract is from: Herodotus. The Histories (ed. A. D. Godley, 1920), Cambridge. Harvard University Press. Cited Nov 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks.
ΑΒΑΙ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΑΤΑΛΑΝΤΗ
The barbarians. . .overran the whole of Phocis. All that came within their power they laid waste to and burnt, setting fire to towns and temples. Marching this way down the river Cephisus, they ravaged everything that lay in their way, burning the towns of Drymus, Charadra, Erochus, Tethronium, Amphicaea, Neon, Pediea, Tritea, Elatea, Hyampolis, Parapotamii, and Abae, where there was a richly endowed temple of Apollo, provided with wealth of treasure and offerings. There was also then as now a place of divination at this place. This temple, too, they plundered and burnt, and they pursued and caught some of the Phocians near the mountains. Certain women too perished because of the multitude of their violators.
This extract is from: Herodotus. The Histories (ed. A. D. Godley, 1920), Cambridge. Harvard University Press. Cited Nov 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks.
ΑΜΦΙΚΛΕΙΑ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΛΟΚΡΙΔΑ
Ο Παυσανίας αναφέρει ότι η Αμφίκλεια ήταν μία από τις φωκικές πόλεις που έκαψε ο Ξέρξης (Παυσ. 10,3,2).
The barbarians. . .overran the whole of Phocis. All that came within their power they laid waste to and burnt, setting fire to towns and temples. Marching this way down the river Cephisus, they ravaged everything that lay in their way, burning the towns of Drymus, Charadra, Erochus, Tethronium, Amphicaea, Neon, Pediea, Tritea, Elatea, Hyampolis, Parapotamii, and Abae . . .
This extract is from: Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., Harvard University Press. Cited Aug 2002 from Perseus Project URL bellow, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks
ΔΡΥΜΑΙΑ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΛΟΚΡΙΔΑ
Ο Παυσανίας αναφέρει ότι η Δρυμαία ήταν μία από τις φωκικές πόλεις που έκαψε ο Ξέρξης (Παυσ. 10,3,2).
The barbarians. . .overran the whole of Phocis. All that came within their power they laid waste to and burnt, setting fire to towns and temples. Marching this way down the river Cephisus, they ravaged everything that lay in their way, burning the towns of Drymus, Charadra, Erochus, Tethronium, Amphicaea, Neon, Pediea, Tritea, Elatea, Hyampolis, Parapotamii, and Abae . . .
This extract is from: Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., Harvard University Press. Cited Aug 2002 from Perseus Project URL bellow, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks
Philip put an end to the war, which was called both the Phocian War and the Sacred War . . .The cities of Phocis were captured and razed to the ground. . .and their people scattered in villages.
ΕΛΑΤΕΙΑ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΦΘΙΩΤΙΔΑ
Ο Παυσανίας αναφέρει ότι η Ελάτεια ήταν μία από τις φωκικές πόλεις που έκαψε ο Ξέρξης (Παυσ. 10,3,2).
The barbarians. . .overran the whole of Phocis. All that came within their power they laid waste to and burnt, setting fire to towns and temples. Marching this way down the river Cephisus, they ravaged everything that lay in their way, burning the towns of Drymus, Charadra, Erochus, Tethronium, Amphicaea, Neon, Pediea, Tritea, Elatea, Hyampolis, Parapotamii, and Abae . . .
This extract is from: Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., Harvard University Press. Cited Aug 2002 from Perseus Project URL bellow, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks
Philip put an end to the war, which was called both the Phocian War and the Sacred War . . .The cities of Phocis were captured and razed to the ground. . .and their people scattered in villages.
ΤΙΘΟΡΕΑ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΦΘΙΩΤΙΔΑ
Ο Παυσανίας αναφέρει ότι η Νεών ήταν μία από τις φωκικές πόλεις που έκαψε ο Ξέρξης (Παυσ. 10,3,2).
The barbarians. . .overran the whole of Phocis. All that came within their power they laid waste to and burnt, setting fire to towns and temples. Marching this way down the river Cephisus, they ravaged everything that lay in their way, burning the towns of Drymus, Charadra, Erochus, Tethronium, Amphicaea, Neon, Pediea, Tritea, Elatea, Hyampolis, Parapotamii, and Abae . . .
This extract is from: Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., Harvard University Press. Cited Aug 2002 from Perseus Project URL bellow, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks
Philip put an end to the war, which was called both the Phocian War and the Sacred War . . .The cities of Phocis were captured and razed to the ground. . .and their people scattered in villages.
ΤΙΘΡΩΝΙΟΝ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΛΟΚΡΙΔΑ
Ο Παυσανίας αναφέρει ότι το Τριθώνιο ήταν μία από τις φωκικές πόλεις που έκαψε ο Ξέρξης (Παυσ. 10,3,2).
The barbarians, while the Thessalians so guided their army, overran the whole of Phocis. All that came within their power they laid waste to and burnt, setting fire to towns and temples (Hdt. 8,32,2).
Marching this way down the river Cephisus, they ravaged everything that lay in their way, burning the towns of Drymus, Charadra, Erochus, Tethronium, Amphicaea, Neon, Pediea, Tritea, Elatea, Hyampolis, Parapotamii, and Abae, where there was a richly endowed temple of Apollo, provided with wealth of treasure and offerings (Hdt. 8,33,1).
These extracts are from: Herodotus, The Histories, ed. A. D. Godley, Cambridge. Harvard University Press
Cited Sept. 2002 from Perseus Project URL below, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks
ΥΑΜΠΟΛΙΣ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΑΤΑΛΑΝΤΗ
The barbarians. . .overran the whole of Phocis. All that came within their power they laid waste to and burnt, setting fire to towns and temples. Marching this way down the river Cephisus, they ravaged everything that lay in their way, burning the towns of Drymus, Charadra, Erochus, Tethronium, Amphicaea, Neon, Pediea, Tritea, Elatea, Hyampolis, Parapotamii, and Abae . . .
This extract is from: Herodotus. The Histories (ed. A. D. Godley, 1920), Cambridge. Harvard University Press. Cited Nov 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks.
In the tenth year after the seizure of the sanctuary, Philip put an end to the war, which was called both the Phocian War and the Sacred War, in the year when Theophilus was archon at Athens, which was the first of the hundred and eighth Olympiad at which Polycles of Cyrene was victorious in the foot-race. The cities of Phocis were captured and razed to the ground. The tale of them was Lilaea, Hyampolis, Anticyra, Parapotamii, Panopeus and Daulis. These cities were distinguished in days of old, especially because of the poetry of Homer.
The army of Xerxes, burning down certain of these, made them better known in Greece, namely Erochus, Charadra, Amphicleia, Neon, Tithronium and Drymaea. The rest of the Phocian cities, except Elateia, were not famous in former times, I mean Phocian Trachis, Phocian Medeon, Echedameia, Ambrossus, Ledon, Phlygonium and Stiris. On the occasion to which I have referred all the cities enumerated were razed to the ground and their people scattered in villages.
This extract is from: Pausanias. Description of Greece (ed. W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., & H.A. Ormerod, 1918). Cited Nov 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks.
ΑΜΦΙΚΛΕΙΑ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΛΟΚΡΙΔΑ
Philip put an end to the war, which was called both the Phocian War and the Sacred War . . .The cities of Phocis were captured and razed to the ground. . .and their people scattered in villages.
ΤΙΘΡΩΝΙΟΝ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΛΟΚΡΙΔΑ
In the tenth year after the seizure of the sanctuary, Philip put an end to the war, which was called both the Phocian War and the Sacred War, in the year when Theophilus was archon at Athens, which was the first of the hundred and eighth Olympiad1 at which Polycles of Cyrene was victorious in the foot-race. The cities of Phocis were captured and razed to the ground. The tale of them was Lilaea, Hyampolis, Anticyra, Parapotamii, Panopeus and Daulis. These cities were distinguished in days of old, especially because of the poetry of Homer.
The army of Xerxes, burning down certain of these, made them better known in Greece, namely Erochus, Charadra, Amphicleia, Neon, Tithronium and Drymaea. The rest of the Phocian cities, except Elateia, were not famous in former times, I mean Phocian Trachis, Phocian Medeon, Echedameia, Ambrossus, Ledon, Phlygonium and Stiris. On the occasion to which I have referred all the cities enumerated were razed to the ground and their people scattered in villages.
This extract is from: Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Harvard University Press
Cited Sept. 2002 from Perseus Project URL bellow, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks.
ΑΒΑΙ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΑΤΑΛΑΝΤΗ
As the Phocians were engaged in building a fortress near the place named Abae, at which is a holy shrine of Apollo, the Boeotians took the field against them. Some of the Phocians straightway fled to the nearest cities and dispersed, while others took refuge in the temple of Apollo and perished to the number of five hundred. [5] Now many other divine visitations fell to the lot of the Phocians about this period, and in particular the one that I am about to relate. The men who had taken refuge in the temple supposed that their lives would be saved through the intervention of the gods, but on the contrary through some divine Providence they met with the punishment temple-robbers well deserve.
For there was a quantity of rushes about the temple, and a fire had been left behind in the tents of the men who had fled, with the result that the rushes caught fire and such a great conflagration was touched off so miraculously that the temple was consumed and the Phocians who had fled to it for refuge were burned alive. Indeed it became apparent that the gods do not extend to temple-robbers the protection generally accorded to suppliants (Diod. Sic. 16.58.4-6).
This extract is from: Diodorus Siculus, Library (ed. C. H. Oldfather, 1989). Cited Nov 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks.
ΕΛΑΤΕΙΑ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΦΘΙΩΤΙΔΑ
Συγκεντρώνοντας όλες τις δυνάμεις τις δυνάμεις του εκεί ο Φίλιππος κυρίευσε την πόλη της Ελάτειας (Διόδ. 16,84,2).
ΤΙΘΟΡΕΑ (Δήμος) ΦΘΙΩΤΙΔΑ
Η ιστορία αναφέρει ότι πριν τους Μηδικούς Πολέμους στην περιοχή υπήρχαν
οι πόλεις Νέων (σημερινή
Τιθορέα) και οι Πεδιείς
(σημερινή Κάτω
Τιθορεα) που κάηκαν από το στρατό του Ξέρξη. Το εκτεταμένο επιφανειακό υλικό,
το πλήθος των τάφων, οι αρχαϊκές ταφικές επιγραφές και τα νομισματικά ευρήματα
μέσα και ανατολικά από την Κάτω Τιθορεα (Κηφισσοχώρι) αποτελούν ισχυρές αποδείξεις
για την ύπαρξη μιας πόλεως που έζησε πριν από τον 2ο Ιερό πόλεμο και που, σύμφωνα
με τη σειρά απαριθμήσεως των Φωκικών πόλεμων από τον Ηρόδοτο, θα πρέπει να ήταν
οι Πεδιείς. Η Κάτω Τιθορέα εμφανίζεται στους νεότερους χρόνους, ως Καλύβια της
Τιθορέας (Βελίτσας), μετονομάζεται σε Κηφισσοχώρι το 1912 και τη σημερινή ονομασία
της έχει από 1955 (Β.Δ. 11-5-55).
Η σημερινή Τιθορεα ξεκίνησε τη μακρόχρονη ιστορία της με το όνομα
Νέων και τα ίχνη της χάνονται στα βάθη του 6ου π.Χ. αιώνα. Υπήρξε από τις πιο
σημαντικές Φωκικές πόλεις και κυριαρχούσε για δεκαετίες στην κοιλάδα του Κηφισσού.
Μπροστά στο Μακεδονικό κίνδυνο οι Φωκείς δημιουργούν πλέον οχυρωμένες πόλεις.
Εκείνη τη περίοδο οι κάτοικοι της Νεώνας μετακινούνται και δημιουργούν την καινούργια
τους πόλη με το σημερινό όνομα Τιθορέα.
Η καταπληκτική της θέση με το απρόσιτο φαράγγι, τους πελώριους βράχους
και το γιγαντιαίο τείχος την κάνουν απόρθητη και απροσπέλαστη στους εχθρούς. Το
240 με 210 π.Χ. εξέδωσε δικό της νόμισμα, έφερε στη μία πλευρά του το θεό Απόλλωνα
και στην άλλη δόρυ με την κάτω σιαγόνα κάπρου.
Θεωρείται η αρχαία μητρόπολη των Φωκέων, όπου εγκαταστάθηκε ο πρώτος
Φώκος και θάφτηκε μαζί με την γυναίκα του Αντιόπη. Εδώ αναφέρει ο Παυσανίας αντίκρισε
το άλσος της Αθηνάς, το ναό του Ασκληπιού Αρχηγέτα και το Αδυτο Ιερό της Ίσιδος.
Μέσα στο σημερινό οικισμό της Τιθορέας βρίσκονται δεκάδες επιτύμβιες στήλες εντοιχισμένες
σε σπίτια και εκκλησίες, ενώ μέρη από τα τείχη και τους πύργους της παλιάς πόλης
βρίσκονται ενσωματωμένα στον οικιστικό ιστό του σημερινού όμορφου χωριού. Κατά
την ρωμαϊκή περίοδο αναδεικνύεται σε σημαντικότατο οικονομικό και εμπορικό κέντρο.
Ίδιο σημαντικό ρόλο διαδραμάτισε η Τιθορέα και κατά την Βυζαντινή
περίοδο, που αποδεικνύεται από τις εκκλησίες και τις υπέροχες τοιχογραφίες. Χαρακτηριστικό
ακόμη είναι, ότι στη Τιθορέα βρίσκεται ο μοναδικός στην Ελλάδα ναός του Αββά Ζωσιμά.
Ακολουθεί η περίοδος της Φραγκοκρατίας και της Τουρκοκρατίας, όπου παίρνει και
το όνομα Βελίτσα. Κατά την επανάσταση του 1821 ο Οδυσσέας Ανδρούτσος χρησιμοποιεί
μία σπηλιά στην Ανατολική πλευρά του χωριού ως μόνιμο ορμητήριο και επιφέρει μεγάλα
πλήγματα στους Τούρκους. Μετά τον Οδυσσέα Ανδρούτσο και άλλος σπουδαίος οπλαρχηγός,
ο Καραϊσκάκης, έζησε ένα μικρό χρονικό διάστημα στη Βελίτσα.
Τέλος, κατά την περίοδο της κατοχής οι κάτοικοι αντιστάθηκαν σθεναρά
στους κατακτητές, με αποτέλεσμα οι Ιταλοί να κάψουν το χωριό.
Αξιοθαύμαστο είναι εξάλλου, το γυναικείο μοναστήρι της Κοίμησης της
Θεοτόκου, το οποίο λειτουργεί μέχρι σήμερα και βρίσκεται πάνω από την Αγία Μαρίνα.
Είναι χτισμένο σε υψόμετρο 1.000 μ., στις απότομες και γεμάτες έλατα ανατολικές
πλαγιές του Παρνασσού.
Η μονή, που ιδρύθηκε στα τέλη του 10ου μ.Χ. αιώνα, περιβάλλεται από τείχη χτισμένα
την εποχή της ενετοκρατίας.
Το κείμενο παρατίθεται τον Μάιο 2005 από την ακόλουθη ιστοσελίδα του Δήμου Τιθορέας
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