Εμφανίζονται 3 τίτλοι με αναζήτηση: Πληροφορίες για τον τόπο στην ευρύτερη περιοχή: "ΑΣΚΑΛΩΝ Αρχαία πόλη ΠΑΛΑΙΣΤΙΝΗ" .
ΑΣΚΑΛΩΝ (Αρχαία πόλη) ΠΑΛΑΙΣΤΙΝΗ
Ascalon (Askalon, Askalonion, Ascalo, Plin. v. 14.: Eth. Askalonites,
Askalonios, fem. Askalonis, Steph. B., Suidas, Hierocles, Ascalona, Ascalonius:
Askulan), one of the five cities of the Philistines (Josh. xiii. 3; 1 Sam. vi.
17), situated on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, between Gaza and Jamnia (Joseph.
B. J. iv. 11. § 5), 520 stadia (Joseph. B. J. iii. 2. § 1), or 53 M. P., according
to the Peutinger Tables, from Jerusalem; and 16 M. P. from Gaza. (Anton. Itin.,
Ptol. v. 16.) It was taken by the tribe of Judah (Judges, i. 18), but did not
remain long in their possession (Judges, iii. 3); and during the wars which the
Hebrews waged under Saul and David with the Philistines Ascalon appears to have
continued in the hands of the native inhabitants. (2 Sam. i. 20.) The prophets
devoted it to destruction (Amos, i. 8; Zeph. ii. 4, 7; Zech. ix. 5; Jer. xxv.
20, xlvii. 5, 7). After the time of Alexander it shared the fate of Phoenicia
and Judaea, and was sometimes subjected to Aegypt (Joseph. Antiq. xii. 425), at
other times to the Syrian kings (1 Mac. x. 86; xi. 60; xii. 33.) i Herod the Great,
though it was not in his dominions, adorned the city with fountains, baths, and
colonnades. (Joseph. B. J. i. 12. § 11.) After his death, Ascalon, which had many
Jewish inhabitants (B. J. ii. 18. § 5), was given to his sister Salome as a residence.
(Joseph. Ant. xvii. 11. § 5.) It suffered much in the Jewish wars with the Romans.
(Joseph. B. J. ii. 18. § 1, iii. 22. § 1.) And its inhabitants slew 2500 of the
Jews who dwelt there. (Joseph. B. J. ii. 18. § 5.) In very early times it was
the seat of the worship of Derceto (Diod. ii. 4), or Syrian Aphrodite, whose temple
was plundered by the Scythians (Herod. i. 105). This goddess, representing the
passive principle of nature, was worshipped under the form of a fish with a woman's
head. (Comp. Ov. Fast. ii. 406.) Josephus (B. J. iii. 2. § 1), speaks of Ascalon
as a strongly fortified place. (Comp. Pomp. Mela, i. 11. § 5.) Strabo (xvi. p.
759) describes it as a small town, and remarks that it was famous for the shallot
(Allium Ascalonicum; French, Echalotte; Italian, Scalogna, a corruption of Ascalonia).
(Comp. Plin. xix. 6; Athen. ii. p. 68; Dioscor. i. 24; Columell. xii. 10; Theophr.
Plant. vii. 4.) In the 4th century Ascalon was the see of a bishop, and remained
so till the middle of the 7th century, when it fell into the hands of the Saracens.
Abul-feda (Tab. Syr. p. 78) speaks of it as one of the famous strongholds of Islam
(Schultens, Index Geog. s. v. Edrisi, par Jaubert, vol. i. p. 340); and the Orientals
speak of it as the Bride of Syria. The coast is sandy, and difficult of access,
and therefore it enjoyed but little advantage from its port. It is frequently
mentioned in the history of the Crusades. Its fortifications were at length utterly
destroyed by Sultan Bibars (A.D. 1270), and its port filled up with stones thrown
into the sea, for fear of further attempts on the part of the Crusaders. (Wilken,
die Kreuzz, vol. vii. p. 58.)
D'Arvieux, who visited it (A.D. 1658), and Von Troilo, who was there
eight years afterwards, describe the ruins as being very extensive. (Rosenmuller,
Handbuch der Bibl. Alterthem. vol. ii. pt. 2, p. 383.) Modern travellers represent
the situation as strong; the thick walls, flanked with towers, were built on the
top of a ridge of rock, that encircles the town, and terminates at each end in
the sea. The ground within sinks in the manner of an amphitheatre. Askulan presents
now a most mournful scene of utter desolation. (Robinson, Palestine, vol. ii.
p. 369.)
This text is from: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography (1854) (ed. William Smith, LLD). Cited July 2004 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks
Total results on 14/6/2001: 41 for Ascalon, 9 for Askalon.
An ancient city on the coast of Palestine about midway between Azotus
and Gaza. Its territory once extended over a large area. Early in the Hellenistic
period the city freed itself from Phoenician rule and enjoyed autonomy again.
Under the Ptolemies Ascalon began minting coins. At first minting was restricted
to copper and bronze coins, but from 111 B.C. it also minted in silver. In 104
B.C. the city became independent, and its new dating era began. The city withstood
the assaults of the Hasmonaean kings and, except for Ptolemais, remained the only
independent city on the Palestinian coast. Strabo (16.2.29) refers to it as a
small town, and Pliny (HN 5.14) calls it an oppidum libera. Although surrounded
by Jewish territories, the city retained its independence even under Herod the
Great. As a city greatly influenced by Hellenistic culture, Ascalon enjoyed the
king's generosity. Herod built a royal palace, a stoa, and baths (Joseph. BJ 1.422).
After Herod's death Augustus gave Salome, Herod's daughter, the royal palace as
a present (Joseph. AJ 17.321). At the beginning of the revolt against the Romans
the insurgents massacred part of the inhabitants of Ascalon (Joseph. BJ 2.460),
but these retaliated by killing 2500 of the local Jews (Joseph. BJ 2.477).
According to the ancient sources there were temples dedicated to Apollo,
Atargatis, and Isis and from the coins we learn that Derketo and Herakles were
also worshiped there. A prominent city also in the Late Roman and Byzantine periods,
it is referred to by Eusebius (Onom. 22.15) as to the most famous city of Palestine.
It was a seat of a bishop early in the Byzantine period. Eusebius (Onom. 168.3)
and other Early Christian writers mention a "Well of Peace" there. A
Jewish community and remains of a synagogue were found there. Two miles to the
S was its port, named Maiumas Ascalon.
No archaeological investigations have been undertaken save for a limited
trial dig on the ancieat mound in 1920-1921. The 64 ha of the Roman city remains
unexplored although statues and other stray finds have come to light from time
to time.
A. Negev, ed.
This text is from: The Princeton encyclopedia of classical sites,
Princeton University Press 1976. Cited Nov 2002 from
Perseus Project URL below, which contains bibliography & interesting hyperlinks.
Λάβετε το καθημερινό newsletter με τα πιο σημαντικά νέα της τουριστικής βιομηχανίας.
Εγγραφείτε τώρα!
