| May 24, 2013 |
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| Mythology
(39)
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|  KYLLINI (Mountain) CORINTHIA |
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Ischys & Coronis
Ischus, a son of Elatus, and the beloved of Coronis at the time when she was with child (Asclepius) by Apollo. The god wishing to punish her faithlessness, caused Artemis to kill her, together with Ischys.
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| | STYMFALIA (Lake) CORINTHIA |
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The Sixth Labor of Heracles-The Stymphalian Birds
After Hercules returned from his success in the Augean stables, Eurystheus
came up with an even more difficult task. For the sixth Labor, Hercules was to
drive away an enormous flock of birds which gathered at a lake near the town of
Stymphalos.
Arriving at the lake, which was deep in the woods, Hercules had no
idea how to drive the huge gathering of birds away. The goddess Athena came to
his aid, providing a pair of bronze krotala, noisemaking clappers similar to castanets.
These were no ordinary noisemakers. They had been made by an immortal craftsman,
Hephaistos, the god of the forge.
Climbing a nearby mountain, Hercules clashed the krotala loudly, scaring
the birds out of the trees, then shot them with bow and arrow, or possibly with
a slingshot, as they took flight.
Some versions of the legend say that these Stymphalian birds were
vicious man-eaters. The 2nd century A.D. travel writer, Pausanias, trying to discover
what kind of birds they might have been, wrote that during his time a type of
bird from the Arabian desert was called "Stymphalian," describing them
as equal to lions or leopards in their fierceness. He speculated that the birds
Hercules encountered in the legend were similar to these Arabian birds.
"These fly against those who come to hunt them, wounding and killing them
with their beaks. All armor of bronze or iron that men wear is pierced by the
birds; but if they weave a garment of thick cork, the beaks of the Stymphalian
birds are caught in the cork garment... These birds are of the size of a crane,
and are like the ibis, but their beaks are more powerful, and not crooked like
that of the ibis" (Pausanias, Description of Greece, 8.22.5)
Pausanias also saw and described the religious sanctuary built by the Greeks of
Stymphalos and dedicated to the goddess Artemis. He reported that the temple had
carvings of the Stymphalian birds up near its roof. Standing behind the temple,
he saw marble statues of maidens with the legs of birds.
| This text is cited July 2004 from
Perseus Project URL bellow, which contains interesting hyperlinks |
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Heracles. 6. The Stymphalian birds. They were an innumerable swarm of
voracious birds, the daughters of Stymphalus and Ornis. They had brazen claws,
wings, and beaks, used their feathers as arrows, and ate human flesh. They had
been brought up by Ares, and were so numerous, that with their secretions and
feathers they killed men and beasts, and covered whole fields and meadows. From
fear of the wolves, these birds had taken refuge in a lake near Stymphalus, from
which Heracles was ordered by Eurvstheus to expel them. When Heracles undertook
the task, Athena provided him with a brazen rattle, by the noise of which he startled
the birds, and, as they attempted to fly away, he killed them with his arrows.
According to some accounts, he did not kill the birds, but only drove them away,
and afterwards they appeared again in the island of Aretias, whither they had
fled, and where they were found by the Argonauts. (Apollod. ii. 5.6; Hygin. Fab.
30; Paus. viii. 22.4, &c.; Serv. ad Aen. viii. 300; Apollon. Rhod. ii. 1037, with
the Schol.)
| This text is from: A dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, 1873 (ed. William Smith). Cited Nov 2005 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks |
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| | STYMFALOS (Ancient city) CORINTHIA |
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Stymphalian birds
Perseus Encyclopedia
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Perseus Project Index
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Stymphalian birds : Various WebPages
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Temenus & Hera
The story has it that in the old Stymphalus dwelt Temenus, the son of Pelasgus, and that Hera was reared by this Temenus, who himself established three sanctuaries for the goddess, and gave her three surnames when she was still a maiden, Girl; when married to Zeus he called her Grown-up; when for some cause or other she quarrelled with Zeus and came back to Stymphalus, Temenus named her Widow.
This extract is from: Pausanias Description of Greece with an English Translation by W.H.S. Jones, Litt.D., and H.A. Ormerod, M.A., in 4 Volumes. Harvard University Press
Cited Sept. 2002 from Perseus Project URL bellow, which contains comments & interesting hyperlinks.
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| | KYLLINI (Mountain) CORINTHIA |
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Mercury
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Pleiad(e)s
They were the seven daughters of Atlas and Pleione, that Zeus turned into doves so that they could escape from Orion, who fell in love with them. The doves flew and became a constellation. Pleiades are also mentioned by Homer (Il. 18.486, Od. 5.272).
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| | STYMFALOS (Ancient city) CORINTHIA |
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Temenos
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| | KYLLINI (Mountain) CORINTHIA |
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Pan
National god of Arcadia, one of the "youngest" Greek gods, identified with the Egyptian Mendes, son of Zeus and Hybris, said to have been borne by Penelope to Hermes, hunts on mountains, invents pipe, heard piping on Mount Maenalus, represented with pipe, gives oracles, causes panic fears, discovers mourning Demeter in cave, appears to Philippides, his cult at Athens, sacrifices to Pan and Dionysus, caves sacred to, mountains sacred to, oak-tree sacred to, tortoises sacred to, his herd of goats, his altars, images, sanctuaries, temple, Pans, Titles—Deliverer, Nomian, Oenois, Scolitas.
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Pan
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Surnames of Pan
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Pan Aegocerus
Aegocerus (Aigokeros), a surname of Pan, descriptive of his figure with the horns of a goat, but is more commonly the name given to one of the signs of the Zodiac. (Lucan, ix. 536; Lucret. v. 614; C. Caes. Germ. in Arat. 213.)
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Pan Agreus
Agreus, a hunter, occurs as a surname of Pan and Aristaeus. (Pind. Pyth. ix. 115; Apollon. Rhod. iii. 507; Diod. iv. 81; Hesych. s.v.)
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Aegipan
Aegipan (Aigipan), that is, Goat-Pan, was according to some statements a being distinct
from Pan, while others regard him as identical with Pan. His story appears to
be altogether of late origin. According to Hyginus (Fab. 155) he was the son of
Zeus and a goat, or of Zeus and Aega, the wife of Pan, and was transferred to
the stars (Hygin. Poct. Astr. ii. 13.28). Others again make Aegipan the father
of Pan, and state that he as well as his son was represented as half goat and
half fish (Eratosth. Catast. 27). When Zeus in his contest with the Titans was
deprived of the sinews of his hands and feet, Hermes and Aegipan secretly restored
them to him and fitted them in their proper places (Apollod. i. 6.3; Hygin. Poet.
Astr. l. c.). According to a Roman tradition mentioned by Plutarch (Parallel.
22), Aegipan had sprung from the incestuous intercourse of Valeria of Tusculum
and her father Valerius, and was considered only a different name for Silvanus.
| This text is from: A dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, 1873 (ed. William Smith). Cited Nov 2005 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks |
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Atlantides or Pleiades
Pleiades. The seven daughters of Atlas and the Ocean-nymph Pleione, born
on the Arcadian mountain Cyllene, sisters of the Hyades. The eldest and most beautiful,
Maia, became the mother of Hermes by Zeus; Electra and Taygete, of Dardanus and
Lacedaemon by the same; Alcyone, of Hyrieus by Poseidon; Celaeno, of Lycus and
Nycteus by the same; Sterope or Asterope, of Oenomaus by Ares; Merope (i. e. "the
mortal"), of Glaucus by Sisyphus. Out of grief, either for the fate of Atlas
or for the death of their sisters, they killed themselves and were placed among
the constellations. According to another legend, they were pursued for five years
by the giant hunter Orion, until Zeus turned the distressed nymphs and their pursuer
into neighbouring stars. As the constellation of the seven stars, they made known
by their rising (in the middle of May) the approach of harvest, and by their setting
(at the end of October) the time for the new sowing. Their rising and setting
were also looked upon as the sign of the opening and closing of the sailing season.
One of the seven stars is invisible; this was explained to be Merope, who hid
herself out of shame at her marriage with a mortal. The constellation of the Pleiades
seems also to have been compared to a flight of doves (peleiades). Hence the Pleiades
were supposed to be meant in the story told by Homer of the ambrosia brought to
Zeus by the doves, one of which is always lost at the Planctae Rocks, but is regularly
replaced by a new one. Among the Romans, the constellation was called Vergiliae,
the stars of spring. As being the daughters of Atlas, the name Atlantides is often
used of them.
| This text is from: Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. Cited Nov 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks |
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Pleione, mother of the Pleiads
A daughter of Oceanus, and mother of the Pleiades by Atlas.
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Maia
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Maia. The daughter of Atlas and Pleione, one of the Pleiades,
and mother of Hermes by Zeus. The Romans identified her with an old Italian goddess
of spring, Maia Maiestas (also called Fauna, Bona Dea, Ops), who was held to be
the wife of Vulcan, and to whom the flamen of that god sacrificed a pregnant sow
on the first of May.
| This text is from: Harry Thurston Peck, Harpers Dictionary of Classical Antiquities. Cited Oct 2002 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks |
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Maia or Maias, a daughter of Atlas and Pleiono (whence she is called Atlantis
and Pleias), was the eldest of the Pleiades, and in a grotto of mount Cyllene
in Arcadia she became by Zeus the mother of Hermes. Areas, the son of Zeus by
Callisto, was given to her to be reared. (Hom. Od. xiv. 435, Hymn. in Merc. 3;
Hes. Theog. 938; Apollod. iii. 10. 2, 8. 2; Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 219; Horat. Carm.
i. 10. 1, 2. 42, &c. )
Maia is also the name of a divinity worshipped at Rome, who was also
called Majesta. She is mentioned in connection with Vulcan, and was regarded by
some as the wife of that god, though it seems for no other reason but because
a priest of Vulcan offered a sacrifice to her on the first of May, while in the
popular superstition of later times she was identified with Maia, the daughter
of Atlas. It is more probable that Maia was an ancient name of the bona dea, who
was also designated by the names of Ops, Fauna, and Fatua. (Macrob. Sat. i. 12;
Gellius, xiii. 22; Fest. p. 134, ed. Muller.)
| This text is from: A dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology, 1873 (ed. William Smith). Cited Oct 2006 from The Perseus Project URL below, which contains interesting hyperlinks |
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Pleias Celaeno
Celaeno (Kelaino), a Pleiad, daughter of Atlas and Pleione, and by Poseidon the
mother of Lycus and Eurypylus, or, according to others, of Lycus and Chimaereus
by Prometheus (Apollod. iii. 10.1; Ov. Her. xix. 135; Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod.
iv. 1561; Tzetz. ad Lycoph 132).
There are several other mythological beings of this name : namely,
a Harpy (Virg. Aen. iii. 211), a daughter of Ergeus (Hygin. Fab. 157), a daughter
of Hyamus (Paus. x. 6.2), a Danaid (Strab. xii.; Apollod. ii. 1. 5), and an Amazon.
(Diod. iv. 16.)
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Pleias Merope
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Pleias Sterope
Daughter of Atlas and Pleione, one of the Pleiades, wife of Oenomaus.
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Pleias Taygete
Gave her name to the mount Taygetus in Peloponnese
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Pleias Alcyone
Alcyone or Halcyone (Alkuone). A Pleiad, a daughter of Atlas and Pleione, by whom Poseidon begot Aethusa, Hyrieus and Hyperenor (Apollod. iii. 10.1; Hygin. Praef. Fab.; Ov. Heroid. xix. 13..) To these children Pausanias (ii. 30.7) adds two others, Hyperes and Anthas.
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Zeus Agoraeus
Agoraea and Aoraeus (Agoraia and Agoraios), are epithets given to several divinities
who were considered as the protectors of the assemblies of the people in the agora,
such as Zeus (Paus. iii. 11.8, v. 15.3), Athena (iii. 11.8), Artemis (v. 15.3),
and Hermes (i. 15.1, ii. 9.7, ix. 17.1). As Hermes was the god of commerce, this
surname seems to have reference to the agora as the market-place.
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Hermes Cyllenius
Cyllenius (Kullenios), a surname of Hermes, which he derived from mount Cyllene in Arcadia, where he had a temple (Paus. viii. 17.1), or from the circumstance of Maia having given birth to him on that mountain. (Virg. Aen. viii. 139, &c.)
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| | STYMFALOS (Ancient city) CORINTHIA |
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Hera Chera (the window)
Chera, a surname of Hera, which was believed to have been given her by Temenus, the son of Pelasgus. He had brought up Hera, and erected to her at Old Stymphalus three sanctuaries under three different names. To Hera, as a maiden previous to her marriage, he dedicated one in which she was called pais; to her as the wife of Zeus, a second in which she bore the name of teleia; and a third in which she was worshipped as the chera, the widow, alluding to her separation from Zeus. (Paus. viii. 22.2)
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Agamedes
Son of Stymphalus, brother or Gortynus. (see more at Ancient Orchomenus of Boeotia)
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| | KYLLINI (Mountain) CORINTHIA |
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Cyllen
Cyllen (Kullen), a son of Elatus, from whom mount Cyllene in Arcadia was believed to have received its name. (Paus. viii. 4.3)
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| | STYMFALOS (Ancient city) CORINTHIA |
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Stymphalus
Perseus Encyclopedia
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Stymphalus : Perseus Project
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| | KYLLINI (Mountain) CORINTHIA |
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Elatus
Son of Arcas, joint ruler of Arcadia, father of Stymphalus and Pereus, father of Ischys, founds Elatea, likenesses of.
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| | STYMFALOS (Ancient city) CORINTHIA |
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Agelaus
Son of Stymphalus.
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